摘要
人脸识别技术的发展在助力经济增长的同时也增加了人脸信息保护难度,非法采集、擅自传输等行为严重危及了个体和社会利益。《民法典》虽然明确了私密信息适用隐私权保护,但并未进一步明确私密信息究竟是隐私还是个人信息,属性不明会对统一司法尺度产生冲击,因此明确私密信息的具体内涵和认定标准具备必要性。人脸信息的私密性与人脸的公开性并不矛盾,以人脸信息的私密性为研究对象并结合人脸信息特点、人脸识别技术运行过程和学界理论三个不同视角对人脸信息属于私密信息进而应当适用隐私权保护这一结论进行场景化证成。本文以问题为导向,立足实际对人脸信息保护的政策制定及司法实践提供理论支持。由于人脸信息蕴含的隐私属性程度与技术运行过程密切相关,其保护路径可从价值层面、告知义务、技术应用、监管措施等方面进行阶段化完善,以此厘定人脸信息保护与利用的边界。
The development of facial recognition technology not only contributes to economic growth but also poses increased challenges in protecting facial information.Illicit collection and unauthorized transmission of such data seriously jeopardize the interests of individuals and society as a whole.While the Civil Code explicitly addresses the protection of private information,it does not further clarify whether private information falls under the category of privacy rights or personal information.This lack of clarity could potentially disrupt the uniformity of judicial standards.Consequently,it becomes necessary to establish a clear definition and criteria for identifying the specific connotations of private information.The privacy of facial information and the public nature of faces are not contradictory.By focusing on the privacy of facial information and examining it from the perspectives of facial information characteristics,the operational process of facial recognition technology,and academic theories,we can establish that facial information falls under the category of private information.Therefore,it should be protected by the right to privacy.This conclusion can be substantiated by contextualized scenarios.Taking a problem-oriented approach and grounded in reality,theoretical guidance and insights can be provided for policy-making and judicial practices regarding the protection of facial information.Due to the close correlation between the level of privacy attributes inherent in facial information and the operational process of technology,its protection can be gradually improved through value considerations,disclosure obligations,technological applications,regulatory measures,and other aspects.This staged enhancement will help establish the boundaries between the protection and utilization of facial information.
作者
刘彭飞
白牧蓉
LIU Pengfei;BAI Murong(Law School,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China)
出处
《合肥工业大学学报（社会科学版）》
2024年第2期63-73,共11页
Journal of Hefei University of Technology(Social Sciences)
基金
国家社会科学基金项目(20CFX048)。
关键词
隐私
私密信息
人脸信息
阶段化保护
privacy
private information
facial information
staged protection
