摘要
冲绳是日美同盟关系的重要依托、驻日美军基地的集中所在,其经济发展落后于日本本土,远未达到与之战略价值相匹配的水平。介于美军与冲绳社会之间的日本政府以补偿为主要手段,通过振兴冲绳经济来缓和冲绳民众的反基地运动。作为补偿政治的冲绳振兴塑造了冲绳的基地依存型经济与财政依存型发展模式,并使美军基地嵌入冲绳经济社会。过重的基地负担不仅是冲绳民众抗争的对象,亦是阻碍冲绳自立型经济形成的要因。同时,基地负担带来的财政补偿又是冲绳经济发展之所需和民众之所望。冲绳民众对基地的反感与对补偿的渴求催生了冲绳美军基地与经济振兴相生相克的悖论,导致社会反抗基地与经济依存基地的双向运动,持续影响冲绳美军基地乃至日美安全体制的稳定。
Okinawa serves as a cornerstone for the Japan-U.S.alliance,housing a concentration of U.S.military bases in Japan.Despite its strategic significance,Okinawa's economic development lags behind that of mainland Japan,struggling to reach a level commensurate with its strategic value.The Japanese government mediates between the U.S.military and Okinawan society,easing public anti-base movements by primarily resorting to compensation while concurrently attempting to revitalize Okinawa's economy.Okinawa's revitalization,rooted in compensation politics,molds an economy heavily dependent on military bases and financial support,embedding the U.S.military deeply into Okinawa's economic fabric.The substantial burden of military bases not only becomes a focal point of public protest in Okinawa but also serves as a fundamental obstacle to the formation of a self-sufficient Okinawan economy.Paradoxically,it brings both the necessary elements for economic development and the financial compensation desired by the public.The divergence between Okinawa's public aversion to the military bases and their desire for compensation gives rise to a paradoxical dynamic regarding Okinawa's bases and economic revival.This results in a two-way movement involving social resistance against the bases and economic dependence.That complicated situation interplay not only challenges the stability of Japanese politics but also poses a threat to the stability of the Japan-U.S.security system.
作者
田凯
郭花
Tian Kai;Guo Hua
出处
《日本学刊》
2023年第6期111-136,170,171,共28页
Japanese Studies
基金
国家社会科学基金一般项目“日本自卫队史研究”(编号:21BSS040)。
