摘要
自非主要农作物品种登记制度实施以来,内蒙古自治区登记高粱品种数量有了一定幅度的增加,为厘清近几年高粱品种性状演变趋势,为高粱新品种选育提供理论依据。本研究对内蒙古自治区登记通过的171份高粱品种的12个性状进行遗传多样性分析、相关性分析、主成分分析、聚类分析和灰色关联度分析。结果表明:5年间登记高粱新品种数量超过5个的13家育种单位中,有10家是种子企业,共选育高粱新品种126个,占全部品种的73.68%。所有品种数量性状的遗传多样性指数均大于1,并且除生育期和淀粉含量外,变异系数均在10%以上,表明这批品种变异幅度较大且遗传多样性较为丰富。对高粱品种共12个性状进行相关性分析:其中生育期、单穗粒重、千粒重和抗丝黑穗病与产量均呈正相关关系,在高粱高产品种选育中可着重改良上述4个性状以达到高产的目的。通过主成分分析将12个性状指标简化为4个主成分,累计遗传贡献率为62.39%,包含了这批品种大多数的遗传信息。通过聚类分析将全部品种分为4大类群,第Ⅰ类群包含140份高粱品种,以杂交种居多;第Ⅱ类群包含17个高粱品种,生育期适中;第Ⅲ类群全部为晚熟品种;第Ⅳ类群高粱品种均为特用高粱,利用部位为茎秆,所以株高较高,可用于笤帚的加工。通过灰色关联度分析可知生育期(0.959 4)、千粒重(0.957 5)、单穗粒重(0.955 9)对产量影响最大,这一点与相关性分析结果一致。
Since the implementation of the non-major crop variety registration system,the number of registered sorghum varieties has increased to a certain extent in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.In order to clarify the evolution trend of sorghum varieties in recent years,and to provide theoretical basis for the breeding of new sorghum varieties.In this study,genetic diversity analysis,correlation analysis,principal component analysis,cluster analysis and grey correlation analysis were conducted for 12 traits of 171 sorghum varieties registered in Inner Mongolia.The results showed that 10 of the 13 breeding units registered with more than 5 new sorghum varieties were seed enterprises,and 126 new sorghum varieties were bred,accounting for 73.68%of the total varieties.The genetic diversity index of quantitative traits of all varieties was greater than 1,and the coefficient of variation was more than 10%except growth period and starch content,which indicated that the range of variation was large and the genetic diversity was rich.The correlation analysis of 12 characters of sorghum varieties was carried out.The growth period,grain weight per panicle,1000-grain weight and head smut resistance were all positively correlated with the yield.The above four characters could be major improved to achieve high yield in the breeding of highyielding sorghum varieties.Through principal component analysis,the 12 traits were simplified into 4 principal components,and the cumulative genetic contribution rate was 62.39%,which contained the majority of genetic information of this batch of varieties.Through cluster analysis,all the varieties were divided into four groups.The group I contained 140 sorghum varieties,mostly hybrid varieties;the groupⅡcontained 17 sorghum varieties with moderate growth period;groupⅢwere all late-ripening varieties;groupⅣsorghum varieties are special sorghum,use the part as stalk,so the plant height is high,can be used for processing broom.Grey correlation analysis showed that growth period(0.9594),1000-gra
作者
李岩
余忠浩
周伟
刘慧
刁亚娟
周亚星
Li Yan;Yu Zhonghao;Zhou Wei;Liu Hui;Diao Yajuan;Zhou Yaxing(Tongliao Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Research Institute,Tongliao,028042;College of Agriculture,Inner Mongolia Minzu University,Tongliao,028000;Inner Mongolia Engineering Project Management Co.,Ltd.,Hohhot,010000;Department of Medicine and Food,Tongliao Vocational College,Tongliao,028001)
出处
《分子植物育种》
CAS
北大核心
2024年第5期1532-1542,共11页
Molecular Plant Breeding
基金
科尔沁沙地生态农业国家民委重点实验室开放基金项目(MDK2022027)
内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2020GG-0102)
内蒙古自治区高等学校青年科技英才项目(NJYT22052)
内蒙古自治区饲用作物工程技术研究中心项目(MDK2016023)共同资助。
关键词
高粱
品种登记制度
遗传多样性
综合分析
Sorghum
Breed registration system
Genetic diversity
Comprehensive analysis
