摘要
为有效提升教学楼弧形出口学生通行的安全性,通过现场数据测定并借助Pathfinder数值模拟软件,对出口不同区域内学生的疏散时间、路线等情况进行仿真模拟,掌握出口人员疏散的规律与特点,结合仿真模拟及现场拥堵人群的分布情况划分安全通行等级区域、制定疏导管理方案。结果表明:在疏散过程中,拥堵人群后方的人员会选择出口两侧的路线进行疏散,并非紧跟在人群的后方;出口大厅有效通行区域的学生密度达0.56人/m2(约25人)时,若后续学生继续增加,将使出口逐渐拥堵;将出口扇形区划分为3个安全通行等级区域,并提出了相应的疏导与管理方案,提升了出口拥堵时通行的安全性。
This paper intends to effectively improve the safety of students'traffic at the arc exit of a university teaching building.The research work is based on the field data,the safety evacuation time and evacuation route are simulated and studied with the help of Pathfinder numerical simulation software.From the simulation results,the rules and characteristics of exit personnel evacuation are obtained.In addition,combining the simulation with the distribution of the crowd in the scene to divide the safe traffic grade areas,and the corresponding dredging management method is formulated based on the division of the areas.At the exit of the teaching building,the crowd of students forms a fan⁃shaped spontaneously during the evacuation process.To study the relationship between the evacuation routes and the radius of the exit,the simulation is carried out within a radius of 2.54.0 m.It is found that the students behind the crowd choose the routes on both sides of the exit for evacuation,rather than immediately following the crowd.The simulation results show that it will get more and more crowded when the number of personnel continually increases at the exit and it exceeds the value of 0.56 people/m 2(about 25 people).Under the condition of congestion,to reduce the crowd level and improve the safety of evacuation,the exit area is marked with three colors that correspond to three safe traffic grade areas.These three areas are the green safety area of less than 2.0 m,the orange warning area of 2.03.5 m,and the red danger area of greater than 3.5 m.According to the evacuation and congestion in the three safe traffic grade areas where people are located at the exit,the dredging and management method of"green traffic,orange slow traffic,and red no traffic"is put forward,improving the safety of evacuation.
作者
贺飞
王继仁
郝朝瑜
张春华
王旭
于治国
HE Fei;WANG Jiren;HAO Chaoyu;ZHANG Chunhua;WANG Xu;YU Zhiguo(School of Intelligent Engineering,Shandong Management University,Jinan 250357,China;School of Safety Science and Engineering,Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin 123000,Liaoning,China;School of Safety and Emergency Management Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China)
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第1期244-249,共6页
Journal of Safety and Environment
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51974149)
教育部办公厅新工科研究与实践项目(E-AQGABQ20202713)。
关键词
公共安全
高校教学楼
弧形出口
安全通行
等级区域
划分
public safety
university teaching building
arc exit
safe passage
level areas
division
