摘要
[目的]探究施肥对玉米产量的影响,找到河套灌区节水灌溉条件下适宜的氮素磷素用量。[方法]开展了覆膜滴灌条件下不同施氮施磷研究。[结果](1)相同施肥水平下,滴灌玉米产量高于渠灌,滴灌处理提高了玉米对水分、肥料的利用效率,增加了玉米产量。(2)在滴灌条件下,滴NPK-N24%处理的玉米产量最高,其次是滴NPK-N12%处理,但随着氮肥施用量的继续减少,产量出现降低趋势,氮肥施用量减少到48%会显著降低玉米产量。Z滴NPK产量高于滴NPK及C滴NPK,Z滴NPK-N24%-P24%产量高于滴NPK-N24%-P24%,表明全部采用滴灌施肥比部分基施,后期滴灌追施产量高,效果好。(3)秸秆产量结果与籽实产量结果总体趋势是一致的,但秸秆产量略有差异,相同施肥水平下滴灌玉米秸秆产量高于渠灌,不施磷处理产量高于不施氮处理;在滴灌条件下,滴NPK-N24%处理的玉米秸秆产量最高,其次是滴NPK-N24%-P12%处理,这与籽实产量结果略有不同,但随着施氮量的继续减少秸秆产量随之降低的趋势,与籽实产量是一致的。[结论]滴灌条件下春玉米氮肥投入228 kg/hm^(2)、磷肥投入135 kg/hm^(2)可以达到最大产量,适合在河套灌区作为玉米膜下滴灌肥料用量施用。
[Objective]To explore the impact of fertilization on corn yield,and find the appropriate amount of nitrogen and phosphorus under water-saving irrigation conditions in Hetao Irrigation District.[Method]The study was conducted on different nitrogen and phosphorus application under mulch drip irrigation conditions,This provides a scientific basis for the application of drip irrigation fertilization technology in Hetao Plain Irrigation District.[Result](1)Under the same fertilization level,the yield of corn under drip irrigation was higher than that under canal irrigation.The drip irrigation treatment improved the utilization efficiency of water and fertilizer in corn,and increased corn yield.(2)Under drip irrigation conditions,the highest corn yield was observed in the drip NPK-N_(24%)treatment,followed by the drip NPK-N_(12%)treatment.However,as the nitrogen fertilizer application rate continued to decrease,the yield showed a decreasing trend.A decrease in nitrogen fertilizer application rate to 48% significantly reduced corn yield.The yield of Z-drop NPK was higher than that of C-drop NPK,and Z-drop NPK-N_(24%)-P_(24%) was higher than that of Z-drop NPK-N_(24%)-P_(24%).This indicated that all drip irrigation fertilization was more effective than partial basal fertilization,and later drip irrigation topdressing had a higher yield and better effect.(3)The overall trend of straw yield results was consistent with that of seed yield results,but there was a slight difference in straw yield.Under the same fertilization level,the corn straw yield under drip irrigation was higher than that under channel irrigation,and the yield under non phosphorus application treatment is higher than that under non nitrogen application treatment;Under drip irrigation conditions,the highest corn straw yield was observed in the drip NPK-N_(24%)treatment,followed by the drip NPK-N_(24%)-P_(12%)treatment.This was slightly different from the grain yield results,but the trend of straw yield decreasing with the continued reduction of nitrogen ap
作者
马俊
刘汉江
刘晓东
李晓红
曹巨峰
韩东勋
武林美
郝雅菇
赵娜
MA Jun(Bayannur Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science Research Institute,Bayannur,Inner Mongolia 015400)
出处
《园艺与种苗》
CAS
2023年第12期68-71,85,共5页
Horticulture & Seed
基金
内蒙古自治区自然科学基金(2022QN03032)
巴彦淖尔市科技计划项目(K202109)
科技兴蒙(NMKJXM202108)
河套灌区农牧业高质量发展关键技术研究与推广(NMKJXM202108)。
关键词
膜下滴灌
河套灌区
春玉米
施肥
产量
Drip irrigation under mulch
Hetao irrigation district
Spring Corn
Fertilization
Yield
