摘要
目的 了解上海市杨浦区秋季开学前学校蚊幼虫孳生和成蚊密度情况,为学校蚊虫防控工作提供依据。方法采用分层抽样方法从杨浦区大学、中小学和托幼机构各抽取4所学校作为调查地点,2021—2023年每年8月开展蚊虫孳生地和成蚊密度调查。采用目测法和勺捕法分别调查小型和大型水体蚊幼虫孳生地,采用人诱叮刺法调查成蚊密度,分析蚊幼虫孳生地阳性率和成蚊停落指数。结果 2021—2023年调查蚊幼虫孳生地1 253处,阳性51处,阳性率为4.07%。大学、中小学和托幼机构蚊幼虫孳生地阳性率分别为2.36%、4.05%和8.30%。小型水体蚊幼虫阳性孳生地前三位分别为轮胎(6.67%)、绿化带小积水(6.04%)和闲置容器(5.92%);捕获蚊幼虫以白纹伊蚊为优势蚊种(97.21%)。大型水体蚊幼虫阳性孳生地前三位分别为雨水井(3.90%)、景观水体(3.45%)和污水井(3.23%);淡色库蚊和白纹伊蚊各占捕获纹幼虫的50.00%。2021—2023年共捕获200只成蚊,白纹伊蚊为优势种群(93.00%)。2021—2023年成蚊停落指数先下降后小幅度回升,其中2021年最高为1.78只/(0.5 h·人)。托幼机构的平均成蚊停落指数最高,为1.17只/(0.5 h·人)。结论 2021—2023年杨浦区秋季开学前学校蚊虫孳生地阳性率和成蚊停落指数多项结果高于上海市地方标准,白纹伊蚊为优势种群。应定期开展学校蚊虫监测,加强校园卫生管理。
Objective To understand the situation of mosquito larva breeding and adult mosquito density among schools in Yangpu District, Shanghai Municipality before the start of the fall semester, so as to provide insights into mosquito prevention and control in schools. Methods A stratified sampling method was used to select four schools each from universities, primary and secondary schools, and preschool institutions as survey sites. A survey of mosquito larva breed⁃ ing sites and adult mosquito density was carried out in August each year from 2021 to 2023. The mosquito larva breed⁃ ing sites in small and large water bodies were investigated by visual inspection and spoon trapping methods, and adult mosquito density was investigated by human-induced stinging method. The positive rate of mosquito larva breeding sites and adult mosquito landing index were analyzed. Results Totally 1 253 mosquito larva breeding sites were investigated from 2021 to 2023, and the positive rate was 4.07% (51 positive sites). The positive rates of mosquito larva breeding sites in universities, primary and secondary schools and preschool institutions were 2.36%, 4.05% and 8.30%, respective⁃ ly. The top three positive breeding sites in small water bodies were tyres (6.67%), small stagnant water in green belts (6.04%) and unused containers (5.92%), and Aedes albopictus was the dominant species (97.21%). The top three positive breeding sites in large water bodies were rainwater wells (3.90%), landscape water bodies (3.45%) and sewage wells (3.23%), and Culex pipiens pallens and Aedes albopictus each accounted for 50.00%. A total of 200 adult mosquitoes were captured from 2021 to 2023, with Aedes albopictus being dominant (93.00%). The total landing index decreased and then rebounded slightly from 2021 to 2023, with the highest seen in 2021 as 1.78 mosquitoes/0.5 hours per per⁃ son. The highest mean adult mosquito landing index was 1.17 mosquitoes/0.5 hours per person in preschool institutions. Conclusions The positive rates of mosquito larv
作者
陆崇华
黄佩华
陆晓燕
LU Chonghua;HUANG Peihua;LU Xiaoyan(Department of Disinfection and Vector Control,Yangpu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 200093,China)
出处
《预防医学》
2024年第2期139-142,共4页
CHINA PREVENTIVE MEDICINE JOURNAL
基金
《上海市加强公共卫生体系建设三年行动计划(2023—2025年)》重点学科(GWⅥ-11.1-13)。
关键词
学校
蚊虫
孳生地
停落指数
school
mosquito
breeding site
landing index
