摘要
随着数字经济持续快速发展和数据要素市场化配置范围扩大,数字租金开始产生并快速增加。通过区分数据和数据要素,明确数据要素具有产权排他性、网络外部性和无形损耗性等要素特性,并且作为一种特殊生产资料商品的数据要素包含商品二因素的矛盾。数字劳动在数据要素生产中有不可替代的作用,数据要素生产与数字生产资料积累相互促进。在价值规律作用下,数据要素只要作为特殊生产资料投入一般商品价值的生产和实现过程,就会产生数字租金。但不同于地租,数据要素的要素特性决定了数字租金必然存在租金耗散倾向。平台垄断资本在绝对数字租金和相对数字租金的产生过程中扮演重要角色。在数字生产资料私有制下,平台垄断资本必然与数字劳动者、传统产业资本和数字食利阶层之间存在经济利益分配矛盾,数字租金的租金耗散倾向会激化这些分配矛盾。在我国社会主义基本经济制度下,数字租金共享化不仅具有客观必要性,还具有现实可行性。我国应该从多方面政策入手,加快实现数字租金的共享化。
With the sustained and rapid development of the digital economy and the expansion of the scope of market-oriented allocation of data elements,digital rent has begun to generate and rapidly increased in recent years.By distinguishing between data and data elements,it is clear that data elements have characteristics such as property exclusivity,network externality,and intangible loss.And as a special means of production commodity,data elements contain the contradiction between the two factors of the commodity.Digital labor plays an irreplaceable role in the production of data elements.Furthermore,the production of data elements and the accumulation of digital means of production promote each other.Under the influence of the law of value,as long as data elements,as special means of production,keep on putting into the production and realization process of the value of general commodities,digital rent will be generated.Unlike land rent,the factor characteristics of data elements determine that there must be a tendency to dissipate the digital rent.Platform monopoly capital plays an important role in the generation of absolute and relative digital rents.Under the private ownership of digital means of production,there is inevitably a contradiction in the distribution of economic benefits between monopolistic platform capital and digital workers,traditional industrial capital,and the digital profit class.The tendency of rent dissipation of digital rent will intensify these distribution contradictions.Under the basic socialist economic system in China,the sharing of digital rent not only has objective necessity but also practical feasibility.China should start with various policies to accelerate the sharing of digital rent.
作者
王俊
苏立君
Wang Jun;Su Lijun
出处
《财经科学》
北大核心
2024年第1期63-75,共13页
Finance & Economics
基金
国家社科基金青年项目“平台经济全球化下国际垄断资本的特性及行为规律研究”(22CJL026)的资助。
关键词
数字租金
租金耗散倾向
数字生产资料
平台垄断资本
商品二因素
Digital Rent
The Tendency of Rent Dissipation
Digital Means of Production
Monopolistic Platform Capital
The Two Factors of Commodity
