摘要
为解决传统职住分离测度指标存在的异方差问题,该文采用对数调整就业—居住偏离度,基于成都市的普查数据和地理信息数据,分析街道尺度下成都市主城区人口分布特征和职住空间匹配状况,并借助回归分析方法探讨社会经济要素与建成环境要素对成都市主城区职住分离的影响。结果表明:①调整后的就业—居住偏离度能消除回归模型中的异方差问题,保障回归结果解释力的有效性;②成都市主城区的就业和居住人口密度整体呈现由中心向外递减的空间分布特征,就业人口趋向市中心集聚,职住分离是主城区的突出特征,二者空间不匹配程度较大;③回归分析结果表明,就业人口密度、居住人口密度、老年系数、性别比、公交/地铁站点密度、路网密度和社会性基础设施密度是影响成都市主城区职住分离的主要因素;④就业主导区和居住主导区产生职住分离的内在动力机制存在差异,且影响就业主导区职住分离的因素更复杂。
With the development of cities,the organization characteristics of urban jobs-housing space have changed significantly,and the separation phenomenon of urban jobs-housing space has become increasingly prominent.Aiming at the separation phenomenon of urban jobs-housing space and the multicollinearity problem in the research on the influencing factors of jobs-housing separation,this paper analyzed the characteristics of population distribution and the jobs-housing spatial matching situation in the main urban area of Chengdu City at the sub-district scale based on the census data and urban big data of Chengdu City,and explored the influence of socio-economic factors and urban built environment on the jobs-housing separation in the main urban area of Chengdu City with the help of regression analysis.The results are as follows.①The adjusted jobs-housing deviation can eliminate the heteroskedasticity problem and ensure the validity of the explanatory power of the regression results.②The overall spatial distribution of employed population and residential population in the main urban area of Chengdu City shows the characteristics of"high in the center and low in periphery".③The jobs-housing separation is the prominent feature of the main urban area,and the degree of space mismatch is relatively large.The regression analysis shows that the density of employed population and residential population,elderly age coefficient,gender ratio,the density of bus and subway,the density of road network and the density of social infrastructure are the main factors affecting the jobs-housing separation in the main urban areas of Chengdu City.④There are differences in the internal dynamic mechanism of jobs-housing separation between the employment-oriented area and the residence-oriented area,and the factors affecting the jobs-housing separation in the employment-oriented area are more abundant.
作者
毕硕本
王璐烨
刘少丽
张丽丽
袁聪
BI Shuoben;WANG Luye;LIU Shaoli;ZHANG Lili;YUAN Cong(School of Geographical Sciences,Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing 210044,China)
出处
《地理与地理信息科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第1期81-88,共8页
Geography and Geo-Information Science
基金
国家自然科学基金项目“面向大数据的位置信息挖掘与推荐方法研究”(41971340)
国家自然科学基金项目“中国明清时期气候灾害时空演变特征挖掘研究”(41271410)。
关键词
职住分离
就业—居住偏离度
回归分析
成都市
jobs-housing separation
jobs-housing deviation degree
regression analysis
Chengdu City
