摘要
为研究饲料维生素A(VA)水平对黄鳝生长性能、肠道微生物组成和肠道结构发育的影响,实验以VA醋酸酯(50万IU/kg)作为添加源,制作添加水平分别为0(3201)、500(3620)、1000(4010)、2000(4730)、4000(6510)、8000(9720)、16000(16890)IU/kg(括号内为VA在饲料中的实测值)7种不同水平饲料,编号为A~G组,用7种不同水平饲料分别投喂(7.32±0.02)g的黄鳝,每组4个重复,每重复45尾,养殖70 d。实验结束后比较七组黄鳝生长性能、肠道组织结构,并基于生长性能比较A组、D组、G组肠道微生物变化。结果显示:与A组相比,B~D组黄鳝增重率、特定生长率显著提高;B~G组绒毛高度和C组微绒毛高度显著升高,C~D组肌层厚度和C~E组粘液细胞数量显著升高。以黄鳝特定生长率为评价指标,得出黄鳝VA适宜需求量为3849.96 IU/kg。A、D、G三组的优势菌门均为变形菌门、厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门。其中D组黄鳝肠道菌群的物种多样性和丰富度最高,提高了黄鳝肠道厚壁菌门、放线菌门等有益菌的丰度,降低了变形菌门、邻单胞菌属等有害菌的丰度。菌群功能预测发现D组显著提高与碳水化合物代谢、内分泌系统和其他氨基酸的代谢相关功能基因表达量以及糖酵解/糖异生代谢相关功能基因表达量;G组显著降低与甘氨酸、丝氨酸和苏氨酸代谢相关功能基因表达量。综上,饲料中添加适宜VA水平可改善黄鳝肠道结构和肠道微生物环境,提高黄鳝生长性能。综合考虑黄鳝生长性能和肠道健康,本实验饲料中适宜VA水平为3620~4730 IU/kg。
The current study was designed to evaluate the effects of dietary vitamin A(VA)level on growth performance,intestinal microbial composition and intestinal structure development of Monopterus albus.The experiment was conducted with VA acetate(500000 IU/kg)as the additive source,and seven different levels of VA acetate 0(3201),500(3620),1000(4010),2000(4730),4000(6510),8000(9720),16000(16890)IU/kg(the measured value of VA in the feed in parentheses)were prepared and numbered as A-G groups.A total of seven different feed levels were fed to M.albus(7.32±0.02)g,with four replicates in each group,45 in each replicate,and cultured for 70 days.At the end of the experiment,the growth performance and intestinal tissue structure of the seven groups of M.albus were compared,and the changes of intestinal microorganisms in group A,group D and group G were compared based on the growth performance.The results showed that the weight gain rate and specific growth rate of M.albus in groups B~D were significantly increased compared with group A.The villus height of group B~G and the microvilli height of group C were increased cohsiderably.The muscle thickness of group C~D and the number of mucus cells in group C~E were increased considerably.Taking the specific growth rate of M.albus as the evaluation index,the suitable demand of VA in M.albus was 3849.96 IU/kg.The dominant bacteria in the A,D and G groups were Proteobacteria,Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes.Among them,the species diversity and richness of intestinal flora in group D were the highest,which could increase the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Firmicutes and Actinobacteria,and reduce the abundance of harmful bacteria such as Proteobacteria and Plesiomonas.Flora function prediction showed that group D significantly increased the expression of functional genes related to carbohydrate metabolism,endocrine system and other amino acid metabolism,and functional glycolysis/gluconeogenesis metabolism-related genes.Group G significantly reduced the functional glycine,serin
作者
黄广华
胡重华
周秋白
张锦华
陈希环
周磊涛
张文平
陈恺文
HUANG Guanghua;HU Zhonghua;ZHOU Qiubai;ZHANG Jinhua;CHEN Xihuan;ZHOU Leitao;ZHANG Wenping;CHEN Kaiwen(College of Animal Science and Technology,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China;Key Laboratory of Featured Hydrobios Nutritional Physiology and Healthy Breeding,Nanchang 330045,China)
出处
《淡水渔业》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第1期93-102,共10页
Freshwater Fisheries
基金
国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-46)。
