摘要
研究以不同生境兰州鲇群体为研究对象,通过细菌16S rDNA V3—V4区域高通量测序的方法,开展不同环境下肠道菌群组成、丰富度、多样性差异和功能预测的研究。实验共分为4组,其中养殖型为池塘组(CT)和网箱组(WX);野生型为陶乐组(TL)和磴口组(DK)。结果显示,兰州鲇肠道核心菌门为梭杆菌门(Fusobacteria)和变形菌门(Proteobacteria);核心菌属为鲸杆菌属(Cetobacterium)和邻单胞菌属(Plesiomonas)。肠道菌群α和β多样性分析结果显示,26.5℃较20℃的兰州鲇肠道菌群多样性更高;单一种类的网箱养殖较其他养殖模式的兰州鲇肠道菌群多样性更低。进一步对兰州鲇肠道菌群组成及丰度进行组间差异性分析,结果显示,CT组拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)的相对丰度与TL组有极显著差异(P≤0.01)、与WX组有显著性差异(P≤0.05);而CT组放线菌门(Actinobacteria)的相对丰度显著高于野生型两组(P≤0.05),甲基杆菌属(Methylobacterium)丰度显著高于WX组和TL组(P≤0.05)。进一步结合环境因子分析表明,温度、pH和氨氮浓度可能是兰州鲇肠道菌群组成和丰度的重要影响因素。预测的肠道菌群功能表明,不同的环境会影响兰州鲇肠道菌群的代谢能力。综上所述,不同的生长环境对兰州鲇肠道菌群的组成、丰富度和预测的菌群功能具有显著影响,这有助于通过改善pH、温度和氨氮浓度,有效控制兰州鲇肠道菌群,进而降低兰州鲇患病概率和提高兰州鲇苗种的驯食转化率,从而促进兰州鲇养殖业的可持续发展。
As a unique carnivorous groundfish in the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River basin,Silurus lanzhouensis has a delicious meat quality,a large market demand and a promising breeding prospect.Because of its characteristics of feeding on live bait such as small fish and shrimps in natural waters,it is difficult to transform the breeding domestication,and the survival rate of fry breeding is low,which becomes an important bottleneck limiting the sustainable development of the S.lanzhouensis breeding industry.This study was conducted to predict the composition,abundance,diversity and function of the intestinal flora in different environments by high-throughput sequencing of the bacterial 16S rDNA V3—V4 region of the S.lanzhouensis population in different habitats.The results showed that the main phyla of the intestinal tract in S.lanzhouensis were Proteobacteria,Fusobacteria,Firmicutes,Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria,and the main genera were Cetobacterium,Plesiomonas,Aeromonas,Methylobacterium,EscherichiaShigella,Acinetobacter and Shewanella.Among them,Fusobacteria and Proteobacteria accounted for more than 60%of the four groups of species and were the core phyla;the core genera were Cetobacterium and Plesiomonas.The results of gut flora α and β diversity analysis showed that the richness and evenness of the gut flora were CTDKWXTL;the diversity of gut flora species was different between the two groups of culture type;the diversity of gut flora was higher in S.lanzhouensis at 26.5℃ than that at 20℃;the diversity of gut flora was lower in S.lanzhouensis in single species net tank culture than that in other culture modes.Further analysis of the composition and abundance of the intestinal flora of S.lanzhouensis showed that the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes in the CT group was significantly different from the TL group(P≤0.01) and the WX group(P≤0.05),while the relative abundance of Actinobacteria in the cultured CT group was significantly higher than that in the wild-type groups(P≤0.05),and
作者
阮超岭
赖章龙
肖伟
俞兆曦
刘凯
刘彦斌
赛清云
田永华
李敏敏
柳婷
杨立强
杨瑞兰
连总强
王玉涛
RUAN Chao-Ling;LAI Zhang-Long;XIAO Wei;YU Zhao-Xi;LIU Kai;LIU Yan-Bin;SAI Qing-Yun;TIAN Yong-Hua;LI Min-Min;LIU Ting;YANG Li-Qiang;YANG Rui-Lan;LIAN Zong-Qiang;WANG Yu-Tao(School of Life and Geographic Sciences,Kashi University,Kashi 844000,China;Ningxia Fisheries Research Institute,Yinchuan 750001,China;Ningxia Fishery Engineering Technology Research Center,Yinchuan 750001,China;Academician Workstation of Ningxia Fishery Science and Technology,Yinchuan 750001,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecology of Pamirs Plateau in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Kashi 844000,China)
出处
《水生生物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第11期1734-1744,共11页
Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica
基金
国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0901202)
宁夏重点研发计划(2017BN06)资助。
