摘要
为探究不同灌溉量对茄子产量、品质和根区盐分累积的影响,以‘京茄黑宝’为试验材料,设置T1(2.4 mm)、T2(3.6 mm)、T3(4.8 mm)、T4(6.0 mm)、T5(7.2 mm)、CK(8.4 mm)6个日灌溉量处理,测定茄子根区离子浓度、光合特性、果实品质、单株产量和水分利用效率等指标。结果表明:营养液灌溉量对番茄植株生理和果实品质影响显著,灌溉量过少,会造成离子累积,不利于植株生长和果实品质的形成。随灌溉量的减少,茄子的可溶性糖含量和可溶性固形物呈现出逐渐升高的趋势,根系活力、叶片光合参数、叶片叶绿素荧光参数均呈现出降低趋势。当营养液灌溉量为T4(6.0 mm)时,茄子植株生物量积累量最高,果实维生素C含量、可溶性蛋白含量、单株产量和水分利用效率显著高于其他各个处理(P<0.05)。另外,随着茄子植株的生长,无机基质槽培茄子根区会发生离子积累,导致根区营养液EC上升。在植株生长64 d时,茄子根区营养液的EC值最高,各处理表现为:T1>T2>CK>T5>T3>T4,此时T1(2.4 mm)处理各离子质量浓度对根区盐分累积强度的贡献率表现为:K^(+)>Ca^(2+)>总磷>Mg^(2+)>总氮。相关性分析表明,净光合速率与蒸腾速率之间、净光合速率与根系活力之间、维生素C与单株产量之间、可溶性糖与可溶性固形物之间、总磷与Ca^(2+)之间呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。综合分析得出,当营养液日灌溉量为T4(6.0 mm)时,茄子果实品质、单株产量和水分利用率等指标最佳,适当减少营养液灌溉量有利于减轻根区盐分积累,同时也有利于茄子果实品质的形成和单株产量的增加。
To investigate the effects of different irrigation amounts on eggplant yield,quality,and salt accumulation in the root zone,this study used“Jingjiaheibao”as the experimental material,and six daily irrigation treatments were set up:T1(2.4 mm),T2(3.6 mm),T3(4.8 mm),T4(6.0 mm),T5(7.2 mm),and CK(8.4 mm).Indicators of ion concentration,photosynthetic characteristics,fruit quality,single fruit yield,and water utilization were determined in the root zone of eggplant.The results showed that the amount of nutrient solution irrigation had a significant effect on the physiology of eggplant plants and fruit quality and that too little irrigation caused ion accumulation,which was unfavorable to plant growth and fruit quality formation.With decreasing irrigation,soluble sugar content and soluble solids of eggplant showed a gradual increase,and root vigor,leaf photosynthetic parameters,and leaf chlorophyll fluorescence parameters showed a decreasing trend.When the nutrient solution was irrigated at T4(6.0 mm),eggplant plant biomass accumulation was the highest,and fruit vitamin C content,soluble protein content,yield per plant,and water use efficiency were significantly higher than in all other treatments(P<0.05).In addition,as eggplant plants grow,ion accumulation occurs in the root zone of eggplant grown in inorganic substrate tanks,leading to a rise in the EC of the nutrient solution in the root zone.At 64 d of plant growth,the highest EC value of nutrient solution in the root zone of eggplant was shown:T1>T2>CK>T5>T3>T4,and at this time,the contribution of the mass concentration of each ion in the T1(2.4 mm)treatment to the cumulative intensity of salts in the root zone was shown as K^(+)>Ca^(2+)>total phosphorus>Mg^(2+)>total nitrogen.Finally,correlation analyses showed highly significant positive correlations(P<0.01)between net photosynthesis rate and transpiration rate,between net photosynthesis rate and root vigor,between vitamin C and yield per plant,between soluble sugars and soluble solids,and between total phosp
作者
隋淑梅
刘明池
崔锦
田洁
梁浩
钟启文
季延海
SUI Shu-mei;LIU Ming-chi;CUI Jin;TIAN Jie;LIANG Hao;ZHONG Qi-wen;JI Yan-hai(Institute of Vegetable Research,Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100097,China;Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences of Qinghai University,Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Qinghai Tibet Plateau Germplasm Resources,Xining 810016,China;State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding,Beijing 100097,China;National Engineering Research Center for Vegetables,Beijing 100097,China;Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture(North)of Ministry of Agriculture,Beijing 100097,China)
出处
《节水灌溉》
北大核心
2023年第11期56-65,共10页
Water Saving Irrigation
基金
国家重点研发计划(2022YFD1602402)
财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系资助(CARS-23-G-06)。
关键词
基质茄子
设施蔬菜
无土栽培
营养液灌溉量
营养液供液量
根区盐分
叶片光合参数
品质
产量
substrate eggplant
facility vegetables
soilless culture
nutrient solution irrigation
nutrient solution supply
root zone salinity
leaf photosynthetic parameters
quality
yield
