摘要
国家水网工程是应对气候变化、提高国家水安全保障一项重大战略部署。本文在分析中国气候、水土资源分布不均等地理特点基础上,探究了变化环境下中国水资源供需关系,分析了国家水网规划布局及典型水网成效,探讨了国家水网规划建设中存在的亟待研究的若干问题和对策建议。研究表明:全球变化影响愈来愈凸显;国家进入高质量发展阶段,人们对供水质量及保障程度、洪旱灾害防御能力等要求越来越高;构建国家及区域水网是应对环境变化影响、显著提高供水灌溉保障程度和防洪排涝能力,改善天然河湖水环境质量,提高国家水安全保障的重大举措。但需要从区域“水—土—气—生”及“人—地”关系协调,尊重自然,做到人与自然和谐共生。加强国家水网规划建设和运行的科技和管理创新,受水区不仅应该加强节水和水资源保护,守住本地水资源的主体地位,与外调水联合调度,提高水网工程生态环境与经济发展综合效益,支撑国家生态文明建设和高质量发展。
The national water network project is a major strategic deployment in the 14th Five-Year Plan(2021-2025)and the Outline of the 2035 Vision Goals.However,under the influence of global changes,it is facing new opportunities and challenges.Based on the analysis of the background of climate,geography and economic and social development and the characteristics of unbalanced distribution of soil and water resources,this paper has completed three research works.It studies the relationship between supply and demand of water resources in the changing environment.Then it analyzes the planning and layout of the national water network and the effectiveness of the typical water network.Finally,some problems and countermeasures in the planning and construction of the national water network are discussed.Research shows that the impact of global change is more and more prominent.As the country enters the stage of high-quality development,people have higher requirements on the quality and guarantee of water supply.Moreover,the construction of national and regional water networks is an important measure to cope with the impact of environmental change and improve national water security.The construction of the national water network can significantly improve the guarantee of water supply and irrigation,flood control and drainage capacity,and enhance the quality of natural river and lake water environment,but it still has room for optimization and improvement.We need to coordinate regional"water-soil-air-gas"and"man-land"relations,strengthen scientific and technological innovation in the construction of the national water network,improve the comprehensive benefits of ecological environment and economic development of the project,and support the construction of national ecological civilization and high-quality development.
作者
夏军
陈进
佘敦先
骆文广
XIA Jun;CHEN Jin;SHE Dunxian;LUO Wenguang(State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management,Wuhan 430072,China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Water System Science for Sponge City Construction,Wuhan 430072,China;Yangtze River Academy of Sciences,Changjiang Water Resources Commission of the Ministry of Water Resources,Wuhan 430015,China)
出处
《地理学报》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第7期1608-1617,共10页
Acta Geographica Sinica
基金
中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XD23040304)
国家自然科学基金重大项目(41890823)
中国工程院院地合作项目(HB2023B14)。
关键词
气候变化
水资源格局
高质量发展
国家水网
水安全保障
climate change
water resources pattern
high-quality development
national water network
