摘要
以上海市某区级优秀历史保护建筑为例,采用三维激光扫描技术对其结构测绘方面的应用进行探讨。在建筑结构平面布置方面,采用整体点云模型确定准确的外部轮廓,有效避免了粗略的规则形处理;将各楼层的点云切片平面描绘出来进行适当调整,结合标准砖及粉刷层尺寸推导出合理的结构层厚度;通过点云数据直观的比对上下层同一位置的墙体布局情况,以此判断底层隐蔽的上部承重构件。在复杂屋架布置测绘方面,介绍了采集整体屋面的现场扫描布站方案和主要思路,基于三维屋架点云模型将平面布置和屋架详图逐一剖截绘制,提出小三角屋架的下弦带有坡度及多屋架交汇搁置至主屋架节点的复杂性,提出通过可视化点云数据在报告中详细反映,以此提高屋架结构测绘成果的精度及可靠性。
Taking an excellent historic protected building of a district in Shanghai as an example,this work introduces the application process of surveying and mapping the structure of historic protected buildings by using 3D laser scanning technology in detail.In the plane layout of the building structure,the overall point cloud model is used to determine the accurate external contour,which effectively avoids rough and regular shape processing.The point cloud slice plane of each floor is depicted for appropriate adjustment,combined with the standard brick and the size of the paint layer to deduce the reasonable thickness of the structure layer.By intuitively comparing the wall layout of the upper and lower layers at the same position with point cloud data,the concealed upper bearing components of the bottom layer can be judged.In the aspect of complex roof truss layout mapping,the paper introduces the site scanning layout scheme and main ideas of collecting the whole roof.Based on the three-dimensional roof truss point cloud model,the plane layout and roof truss details are divided and drawn one by one.In the process,it is proposed that attention should be paid to the slope of the lower chord of small triangular roof truss and the complexity of multi-roof truss intersection and shelving to the main roof truss node.In order to improve the depth and reliability of the survey results of roof truss structure,the visualization point cloud data is reflected in the report in detail.
作者
杨敏
方林
李承铭
YANG Min;FANG Lin;LI Chengming(East China Architectural Design&Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200041,China)
出处
《水利与建筑工程学报》
2023年第4期187-191,217,共6页
Journal of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering
基金
上海既有建筑功能提升工程技术研究中心资助项目(15DZ2882800)。
关键词
三维扫描
测绘
结构
墙体
屋架
3D scanning
surveying and mapping
structure
wall
roof truss
