摘要
为实现公共空间人群快速引导疏散,优化设计疏散引导标志系统布局。基于行人和标志尺寸,较为精确地提取引导需求和标志可安装位置,建立基于安全经济原则的疏散引导标志系统布局优化设计模型。通过分析影响行人认知的主要因素,包括障碍物、视野、字体尺寸以及方向决策行为,构建基于感知域-识别域-决策域融合的行人与标志交互模型。为求解和验证模型的有效性,提出基于安装角度离散化的模型求解算法,建立考虑行人与标志交互的疏散仿真模型,并采用仿真分析和模型比较验证交互模型。研究结果表明:由于模型更全面地考虑行人与标志交互影响因素,能够提供包含最优数量、安装位置、安装角度以及字体大小等信息的疏散标志布局方案,并且该方案可提升人群疏散效率和稳定性;通过敏感性分析评估标志字体尺寸和行人疏散跟随概率对疏散标志最优数量的影响。
In order to realize high⁃efficiency evacuation in public spaces,the layout optimization method of the evacuation guidance signage system was investigated.The information demand and candidate signage locations were abstracted accurately based on the size of the pedestrian's body and signage.The optimization-based layout design model of the evacuation guidance signage system was built from the perspective of safety and economy.A three-region integration-based model was established to model the interaction between pedestrians and signage by analyzing the influencing factors on human cognition,such as obstacles,the field of view,letter size and direction-decision behavior.In order to solve the proposed model and validate its effectiveness,the solution algorithm was proposed based on the orientation discretization and the evacuation simulation model was built by considering the interaction between pedestrians and signage.The model was validated by the simulation and model comparison results.The results show that the evacuation signage layout plan including optimal number,location,orientation and letter size can be produced by our model because much more factors are incorporated into the interaction between pedestrians and signage and the plan resulting from the proposed model can realize high-efficiency and stable crowd evacuation.The effects of letter size and the following probability of pedestrians during evacuation on the optimal number of signs are evaluated by sensitive analysis.
作者
张蜇
木合塔拜尔·拜合提亚尔
闫姝蓉
贾利民
ZHANG Zhe;BAIHETIYAER Muhetabaier;YAN Shurong;JIA Limin(State Key Laboratory of Advanced Rail Autonomous Operation,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China;School of Transportation,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China)
出处
《中国安全科学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第7期181-189,共9页
China Safety Science Journal
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFB2601300)
轨道交通控制与安全国家重点实验室自主课题(RCS2021ZT004)。
关键词
三域融合
公共空间
引导标志
布局优化
疏散仿真
three-region integration
public space
guidance signage
layout optimization
evacuation simulation
