摘要
春秋战国以来砖瓦窑业趋于繁荣成熟,建筑材料需求量的增多促使出现了大量砖瓦窑,汉代是砖瓦窑结构趋于成熟和稳定的重要时期,因此研究汉代砖瓦窑的功能结构变化关系对揭示中国古代窑炉结构的发展脉络具有重要的意义。本研究在前人对汉代砖瓦窑的结构变化研究基础上,使用计算流体软件FLUENT模拟砖瓦窑内流场和温度场,以河南省焦作市苏蔺村汉代窑址Y6和洛阳东周王城十一号窑为例分别进行数值模拟,从流体力学和热力学的角度分析汉代砖瓦窑内烟气的流动情况。结果表明多烟道窑较单烟道窑更具保温的优势,解释了汉代砖瓦窑结构变化的逻辑。
Bricks and tiles are ceramic building materials,which have been commonly used for palaces and other high-grade buildings since the Western Zhou Dynasty.During the Qin and Han Dynasties,with unification and centralization and the massive development of civil engineering in various places,the pottery industry tended to mature.In addition,the brick chamber tomb appeared in the late Western Han Dynasty,and quickly became popular nationwide in the Eastern Han Dynasty.All the factors above made pottery products for buildings occupy an important position in the pottery industry(with the name of“Qin bricks and Han tiles”).The Han Dynasties were a period of prosperity for the pottery industry,with the pottery products more widely used than in the Qin Dynasty,and the structure of brick and tile kilns changing as their functions changed.In order to explore the scientific logic of the changes in the characteristics and structures of Han Dynasty brick and tile kilns,numerical simulation of the flow field and temperature field during firing in Han Dynasty brick and tile kilns with different structures was conducted.Han Dynasty brick and tile kilns were semi-inverted-flame ones,with the advantages of rapid heating,long holding times and even temperature distribution compared to the earlier horizontal cavity kilns and rising-flame kilns.Through the analyses of archaeological reports and numerical simulations,the functional and structural relationships of Han Dynasty brick and tile kilns were studied.Firstly,based on the previous typological studies of Han Dynasty brick and tile kilns,the kilns were divided into single-flue and multiple-flue ones according to the pattern of change in the structure of each part of the kiln during the Han Dynasties.Then,based on excavations of kiln sites and documentation of the ancient kiln industry,the construction,yarding and firing methods of Han Dynasty brick and tile kilns were summarized.Finally,simulations were modeled based on the above research with the aim of investigating the influe
作者
温睿
张宜雯
付小龙
WEN Rui;ZHANG Yiwen;FU Xiaolong(China-Central Asia“the Belt and Road”Joint Laboratory on Human and Environment Research(Northwest University),Xi’an 710127,China;Key Laboratory of Cultural Heritage Research and Conservation(Northwest University),Ministry of Education,Xi’an 710127,China;School of Cultural Heritage,Northwest University,Xi’an 710127,China;Xi’an Modern Chemistry Research Institute,Xi’an 710065,China)
出处
《文物保护与考古科学》
北大核心
2023年第4期1-10,共10页
Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology
基金
国家社会科学基金项目(22BKG023)资助。
关键词
汉代
砖瓦窑
窑炉结构
数值模拟
挡火墙
Han Dynasties
Brick and tile kiln
Kiln structure
Numerical simulation
Fire wall
