摘要
目次一、引言二、东周遗址的分布、堆积情况与城墙的轮廓 三、城墙构筑技术与後期修补利用情况四、城墙的堆积断面与年代问题五、结语一、引言西周初年,周王朝在洛阳一共营建了两座城堡,一座是成周,一座是王城。西周金文中常有关於成周、周和王的记载(周和王指王城)。至春秋经中则提到王城的名字。从周平王迁都到洛阳以後,一直到周景王共十二世都以王城为国都,到周敬王避王子朝之乱,徙於成周,至赧王又迁回王城,所以在春秋中对於王城和成周都有比较详细的记载。东汉的历史学家班固和东汉晚年的经学家郑玄在他们的著作里都曾经分别地指出成周在雒阳、王城在河南。他们去古未远,说的又都是洛阳当地城址变迁的事情。
Since 1954, a series of surveys and excavations has been undertaken by the Institute
of Archaeology, Academia Sinica near Loyang in the vicinity of Hsiao T'un and along the
banks of the Chien River. This is the area in which, according to tradition, the Eastern
Chou city of Wang Ch'eng was located. As a result much new light has been shed on
the distribution and the state of accumulation of cultural deposits on the Eastern Chou
sites of this area as well as on the pounded earth city walls that encircled these sites.
The Eastern Chou deposits in this area were so rich that they were exposed on the
banks of the Chien River and on the sides of sunken roads. Beneath the topsoil the de-
posits were usually found in the following sequence: the T'ang layer, the Eastern Han or
Western Han layer and the Eastern Chou layer, with the latter sometimes superimposed on
Western Chou and Yin layers. It was quite interesting that in the area outside the eastern
wall of the Eastern Han city of Honan Hsien and adjacent to the city of the Eastern
Capital in Sui and T'ang time, the T'ang layer lying usually on the Han or Eastern
Chou layer was particularly thick.
Since 1954, sections of pounded earth city walls had been excavated from time to
time, revealing the three corners and the outline of the walls on four sides.
The walls are now entirely buried under the ground level. Strangely enough, they
were not of uniform width, ranging from about five meters at its narrowest on the west
wall to about fifteen meters at its widest on the east wall. The trial trenches cut into the
walls on all four sides wele found to contain pounded earth from both the original old
wall and the repairs and additions of later periods. More often than not, traces of repairing
could be found wherever the width of the wall exceeded ten meters.
The walls were built of pounded earth and mostly on natural soil.To build the
wall, a shallow trench was first dug into the
出处
《考古学报》
1959年第2期15-43,133-150+180-182,共50页
Acta Archaeologica Sinica
