摘要
目的:分析医院抗菌药物相关药物不良反应(adverse drug reactions,ADRs)的临床特点,为临床抗菌药物的合理、安全使用提供参考。方法:选取2020年—2021年南京医科大学附属明基医院苏州院区上报国家药品不良反应监测系统的141例抗菌药物相关ADRs报告,统计和分析ADRs患者的性别和年龄分布、累及器官(或系统)、临床表现与处置结局,以及相关抗菌药物的种类、剂型和给药方式。结果:141例ADRs患者中,女性多于男性(87例vs 54例),年龄上则以>30~40岁(43例,占30.50%)和>60岁(31例,占21.99%)居多;141例ADRs主要累及患者的皮肤及其附件(80例,占56.74%)和胃肠系统(23例,占16.31%);经过处置,141例ADRs患者全部好转(50例,占35.46%)或痊愈(91例,占64.54%);141例ADRs所涉及的抗菌药物种类主要有喹诺酮类(49例,占34.75%)、头孢菌素类(35例,占24.82%)、青霉素类(28例,占19.86%)和大环内酯类(16例,占11.35%),药物剂型主要为注射剂(87例,占61.70%)、片剂(27例,占19.15%)和粉针剂(21例,占14.89%),故给药方式主要为静脉给药(108例,占76.60%)。结论:医院上报的ADRs主要涉及喹诺酮类、头孢菌素类、青霉素类和大环内酯类等药物,其主要发生在静脉给药时,此外ADRs主要累及患者的皮肤及其附件和胃肠系统,临床在进行抗感染治疗时应对重点品种及其所致的主要ADRs加强监测,以便快速处置,保障患者的用药安全。
Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of adverse drug reactions(ADRs)related to antibacterial drugs and provide reference for the rational and safe use of antibacterial drugs in the clinic.Methods:The antibacterial drug-related ADRs of 141 patients reported by the Suzhou Branch,Affiliated BenQ Medical Center of Nanjing Medical University from 2020-2021 in the National Drug Safety Monitoring System were chosen;the gender and age distribution,involved organs(or systems),clinical manifestations and treatment outcomes of patients with ADRs,and the types,dosage forms and methods of administration of related antibacterial drugs were statistically analyzed.Results:Among the 141 patients with ADRs,there were more women than men(87 cases vs 54 cases),and most of them were elder than 30-40 years old(43 cases,30.50%)and elder than 60 years old(31 cases,21.99%).The ADRs of the 141 patients mainly involved the skin and its appendages(80 cases,56.74%)and gastrointestinal system(23 cases,16.31%);after treatment,their ADRs were improved(50 cases,35.46%)or recovered(91 cases,64.54%).The types of antibacterial drugs related to the ADRs mainly included quinolones(49 cases,34.75%),cephalosporins(35 cases,24.82%),penicillins(28 cases,19.86%)and macrolides(16 cases,11.35%);the main dosage forms of drugs were injections(87 cases,61.70%),tablets(27 cases,19.15%)and powder injections(21 cases,14.89%),so the main method of administration was intravenous administration(108 cases,76.60%).Conclusion:The ADRs reported by the hospital mainly involve quinolones,cephalosporins,penicillins and macrolides,and theADRs mainly occur during the intravenous administration.In addition,ADRs mainly involve the skin and its appendages and gastrointestinal system of patients.Therefore,the key drugs and the main ADRs should be monitored in priority during the anti-infection treatment,so that the ADRs can be managed quickly to ensure the medication safety of patients.
作者
郁志鹏
谈金凤
张洁婷
缪永生
YU Zhi-peng;TAN Jin-feng;ZHANG Jie-ting;MIAO Yong-sheng(Department of Pharmacy,Suzhou Branch,Affiliated BenQ Medical Center of Nanjing Medical University,Suzhou Jiangsu 215010,China)
出处
《抗感染药学》
2023年第4期364-367,共4页
Anti-infection Pharmacy
关键词
抗菌药物
药物不良反应
临床特点
antibacterial drugs
adverse drug reactions
clinical characteristics
