摘要
油田联合站是油田的重要组成部分,存在油气(VOCs)排放的可能,有必要对其扩散规律进行研究,以制定相关污染防控及安全措施。以某典型联合站为例,建立1:1的实际模型,结合现场调研测试和数值模拟,重点分析了联合站正常工况下多排放源的VOCs扩散机理及储罐裂缝处VOCs泄漏扩散的叠加效应。结果表明:在风速影响下,罐间和背风侧由于出现绕流和回流,容易达到爆炸极限;在重力和涡流的作用下,联合站内的背风侧会出现VOCs聚集,但叠加效应不明显;当储罐发生罐壁破损时,在事故罐后方出现正压区,在涡流和强气流的影响下,叠加后的VOCs浓度会明显增强,并呈点射状向下风向扩散,油气爆炸危险区域加速扩展。本研究成果可为联合站设计、运行管理及制定安全环保措施提供参考。
Oil field joint station is an important part of oil field,there is the possibility of oil and gas(VOCs)emission,it is necessary to carry out research on the oil vapor emission laws of oilfields.Therefore,taking a typical united station as an example,a 1:1 practical model was established.Combined with on-site investigation,testing and numerical simulation,an investigation of the oil vapor diffusion mechanism under normal conditions and the superposition effect of oil vapor leakage and diffusion at the crack of the storage tank was conducted emphatically.The results showed that:under the influence of wind speed,the oil vapor could easily reach the explosion limit due to the circumfluence and backflow between the tanks and the leeward side;under the action of gravity and eddy current,oil vapor would accumulate on the leeward side,but the superposition effect was not obvious;When the tank wall was damaged and leaked,a positive pressure area would appear behind the accident tank.Under the influence of eddy current and strong airflow,the superimposed oil vapor concentration would be significantly enhanced,and will spread to the downwind in a point-like manner,accelerating the extension of oil vapor explosion danger area.The results of this study can provide reference for the design,operation management and safety and environmental protection measures of the joint station.
作者
周娟
何战友
徐自强
朱恒
王鑫雅
张澄
黄维秋
ZHOU Juan;HE Zhanyou;XU Ziqiang;ZHU Heng;WANG Xinya;ZHANG Cheng;HUANG Weiqiu(Oil&Gas Technology Research Institute of Changqing Oilfield Branch of CNPC,Xi’an 710000,China;National Engineering Laboratory for Exploration and Development of Low Permeability Oil&Gas Fields,Xi’an 710000,China;Changzhou University,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oil Vapor Storage and Transportation Technology,Changzhou 213164,China)
出处
《环境工程学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第5期1543-1553,共11页
Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51574044)。
