摘要
【目的】分级处理能提高油茶青果机械化破壳率,然而目前尚无成熟的油茶青果分级机,人工分拣劳动强度大、效率低,急需设计出一套结构简单、效率高的油茶青果分级机,以实现油茶脱壳全程机械化。【方法】课题组通过分析已有水果类物料分级装置的特点,设计了一种结构简单、维修成本低、作业效率高的油茶青果分级机。该机具由多级圆筒筛、螺旋绞龙、传动系统、多级出料斗、机架等组成。为确保分级机工作可靠性,对螺旋绞龙、圆筒筛等关键部件进行结构设计和参数计算。【结果】绞龙直径取512 mm,螺距取300 mm,每级筛孔数取618,每级筛孔直径分别取25 mm、34 mm、43 mm、52 mm,每级筛孔间隙分别取14mm、18 mm、22 mm、26 mm时,可满足油茶青果机械化破壳需要。【结论】该油茶青果分级机结构简单,维修成本低,作业效率高。本研究为油茶青果分级机样机制造提供了理论和数据基础,推进了油茶加工全程机械化,进一步促进了油茶产业高质量发展。
[Objective]Size-grading treatment can improve the mechanized hulling rate of Camellia oleifera fruit.However,there is no mature Camellia oleifera fruit size-grading machine at present,and manual sorting is labor-intensive and inefficient.It is urgent to design a simple and efficient Camellia oleifera fruit size-grading machine to achieve the full process of mechanization of Camellia oleifera hulling.[Method]The research group designed a simple structure,low maintenance cost,and high operational efficiency Camellia oleifera fruit size-grading machine by analyzing the characteristics of existing fruit material grading devices.This machine contained multi-level perforated cylinder,spiral conveyer,transmission system,multi-level outlet hopper and frame.To ensure the reliability of the size-grading machine,structural design and parameter calculation are carried out on key components such as perforated cylinder and spiral conveyer.[Result]When the diameter of spiral conveyer is 512 mm,the pitch is 300 mm,the number of sieve hole is 618,the sieve pore diameter of each level perforated cylinder are 25 mm,34 mm,43 mm,52 mm,and the sieve pore gap of each level perforated cylinder are 14 mm,18 mm,22 mm,26 mm,it can meet the needs of mechanized shell breaking of Camellia oleifera fruits.[Conclusion]The Camellia oleifera fruit size-grading machine has a simple structure,low maintenance cost,and high operational efficiency.This study provides a theoretical and data basis for the prototype manufacturing of Camellia oleifera fruit size-grading machine,and also promotes the full mechanization of Camellia oleifera processing,further promoting the high-quality development of the Camellia oleifera industry.
作者
熊平原
廖东庆
王旭东
吴均毅
王毅
廖志强
罗宏炼
Xiong Pingyuan;Liao Dongqing;Wang Xudong;Wu Junyi;Wang Yi;Liao Zhiqiang;Luo Honglian(Zhongkai College of Agricultural Engineering,School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Guangdong Guangzhou 510225;Guangdong Zhensheng Technology Co.,Ltd.,Guangdong Meizhou 514700;Meizhou Inspection Institute of Guangdong Special Equipment Inspection and Research Institute,Guangdong Meizhou 514072;Meizhou Agricultural Comprehensive Service Center,Guangdong Meizhou 514021)
出处
《南方农机》
2023年第14期12-13,20,共3页
基金
梅州市2021年省科技创新战略和乡村振兴战略专项(2021A0305007)
广东省科学技术厅2017年科技发展专项(2017A020208070)
广东省省级研究生创新计划(2022SFK069、2020JGXM063、2019SFKC33)
仲恺农业工程学院研究生课程思政建设项目(高等农业机械学)(仲研字[2023]1号)。
关键词
油茶青果
分级
结构设计
Camellia oleifera fruit
size-grading
structural design
