摘要
我国已建立以《民法典》为基本条款指引、《惩罚性赔偿解释》为具体操作规则的生态环境损害惩罚性赔偿制度体系。生态环境损害惩罚性赔偿数额的量定是确保该制度惩罚、威慑功能发挥的极具技术性的基础问题。在赔偿基数的确定上,应以生态环境服务功能损失为主,但在侵权人因违法行为所获利益高于前者时,可以以侵权人所获利益为赔偿基数。在赔偿倍数的认定上,应当运用动态系统论,依据惩罚性要素和限制性要素构建动态体系化的评价框架,以减少惩罚性赔偿数额量定的随意性。
China has established a system of punitive damages for eco-environmental damage,which is guided by the basic provisions of the Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China and implemented through the interpretation of punitive damages.The quantification of punitive damages for ecoenvironmental damage is a fundamental technical issue to ensure the system’s punitive and deterrent functions.When determining the compensation base,the loss of eco-environmental services should be considered the primary basis,but when the infringer’s profits from illegal acts are significantly higher than the former,the infringer’s profits can be used as the compensation base.When determining the compensation multiplier,attention should be paid to the application of dynamic system theory,and the construction of a dynamic systematic evaluation framework based on punitive elements and restrictive elements to reduce the randomness of the amount of punitive damages.
作者
郑毓翰
ZHENG Yuhan(Southwest University of Political Science and Law,Chongqing 401120,China)
出处
《西南政法大学学报》
2023年第3期114-130,共17页
Journal of Southwest University of Political Science and Law
基金
国家社会科学基金重点项目“中国民法上的中国元素研究”(18AFX015)。
关键词
生态环境损害
惩罚性赔偿
赔偿基数
赔偿倍数
动态系统论
eco-environmental damage
punitive compensation
compensation base
compensation multiple
dynamic system theory
