摘要
益母草始载于《神农本草经》,有“轻身延年”的记载,具有活血调经、利尿消肿、清热解毒的功效,素有“妇科圣药”之称,临床上常用于治疗妇科常见疾病,已为医者所熟知。近年来,围绕其活血、解毒、利水功效机制已有较全面地认识。研究发现,益母草化学成分复杂,包括生物碱、黄酮、二萜类化合物、多糖、挥发油等,还具有抗氧化、抗凋亡、抗炎、抗血栓、抗动脉粥样硬化等药理作用;越来越多的研究发现其在脑缺血、血管性痴呆、抑郁症等神经系统疾病的治疗方面有明显效果,同时在非神经系统疾病如心肌炎、肝损伤、肾损伤、骨质疏松等的治疗上同样具有显著的药理活性。关于益母草毒理的研究大多是过量服用益母草时产生泌尿系统、生殖系统的损害,尤以肾脏等器官的损伤为主。通过查阅国内外相关文献报道,对益母草的化学成分与药理研究文献选择重点方向进行总结和归纳并提出不足之处,以期扩展益母草的临床应用范围,为其研究开发提供参考,也为临床治疗提供理论指导。
Yimucao(Herba Leonuri)is first recorded in Shennong Bencaojing and has the effect for activating blood circulation,relieving swelling,clearing heat and detoxifying.It was praised as"the holy medicine for women"and"light body extension".It is often used in common gynecologic diseases,and has been well known by doctors.In recent years,there is a more comprehensive understanding of its efficacy mechanism of promoting blood circulation,detoxification and promoting diuresis.The study has found that Yimucao(Herba Leonuri)has complex chemical components,including alkaloids,flavonoids,diterpenoids,polysaccharides,volatile oil,etc.It also has antioxidant,anti-apoptotic,anti-inflammatory,anti-thrombotic,anti-atherosclerotic and other pharmacological effects.More and more studies have found that it has obvious effects in the treatment of nervous system diseases such as cerebral ischemia,vascular dementia,depression,etc.,while it also has significant pharmacological activities in non-nervous system diseases such as myocarditis,liver injury,kidney injury,osteoporosis,etc.Most studies on the toxicology of Yimucao(Herba Leonuri)are prone to damage the urinary system and reproductive system when taking excessive dose,especially the kidney and other organs.This paper summarized the key research directions of chemical composition and pharmacological research literature of Yimucao(Herba Leonuri)by consulting relevant domestic literature reports and put forward deficiencies,with a view to expanding the scope of clinical application of Yimucao(Herba Leonuri),providing reference for its research and development and providing theoretical guidance for clinical treatment.
作者
李艳
苗明三
LI Yan;MIAO Mingsan(Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450046,Henan,China)
出处
《中华中医药学刊》
CAS
北大核心
2023年第5期102-106,共5页
Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine
基金
国家科学技术部国际合作基地项目(国科外函[2016]65号)
河南省自然科学基金项目(232300421307)
河南省博士后基金科研启动项目(202101047)
河南中医药大学博士启动基金项目(RSBSJJ2020-11)。
关键词
益母草
化学成分
药理作用
研究进展
Yimucao(Herba Leonuri)
chemical composition
pharmacological action
research progress
