吃一堑长一智:事后危机学习何以促进事前风险防范?——基于事故调查报告的程序化扎根分析被引量：11

A Fall into the Pit,A Gain in Your Wit:How Does Crisis Learning Contribute to Risk Prevention?——An Analysis of Procedural Grounded Theory Based on Accident Investigation Reports

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摘要 “吃一堑长一智”深刻诠释出危机学习与风险防范的关联意涵,但在实证层面上,事后危机学习是如何促进事前风险防范的,目前还缺乏充分的讨论。运用程序化扎根理论方法,对186份事故调查报告进行编码,构建出“增强范式意识(知防)-提升防范能力(能防)-完善防范体系(懂防)”的分析模型,并将危机学习促进风险防范的过程机制,进一步归纳为“三种机制、两种模式”。一是在危机学习的作用下,组织及其管理者增强了风险防范意识,为促进风险防范打开了“机会窗口”。二是通过资源支持、技术嵌入和行为调整,实现了风险防范能力的提升,维持调适了组织的规则框架。三是在理念牵引和制度优化的作用下,组织深层次的价值观和制度规范加以调整,风险防范体系得到完善,实现了组织管理的变革创新。上述三种机制经过联结组合,形成“单环学习”和“双环学习”的模式。其中,“单环学习”强调工具导向与环境的适应性,“双环学习”属于更高阶形态的探索性变革行为。从中观机制和微观实证的角度进行分析,为理解危机学习促进风险防范的过程,提供了直观的分析框架和扎实的经验材料,丰富了危机学习的知识图谱。 "A fall into the pit,a gain in your wit"illustrates the link between crisis learning and risk prevention,but how crisis learning contributes to risk prevention at the empirical level is not yet fully discussed.Using a proce-dural grounded theory,the 186 accident investigation reports were coded to construct an analytical model of"enhan-cing paradigm awareness-improving prevention capabilities-improving prevention systems".The model is sum-marised as"three mechanisms and two models".The first is that through crisis learning,organizations and their managers become more aware of risk prevention,opening up a"window of opportunity"to promote risk prevention.Secondly,through resource support,technology embedding and behavioral adjustment,risk prevention capabilities are enhanced and the organization's rule framework is maintained.Thirdly,the organization's deep-rooted values and institutional norms are adjusted as a result of conceptual traction and institutional optimisation,and the risk prevention system is improved,leading to change and innovation in organizational management.The above three mechanisms are combined to form a"single-loop learning"and"double-loop learning"model.Single-loop learning emphasises tool orientation and environmental adaptation,while double-loop learning is a higher-order form of exploratory change behaviour.The analysis from a meso-mechanical and micro-empirical perspective provides an intuitive analytical framework and solid empirical material for understanding the process of crisis learning for risk prevention,and enriches the knowledge map of crisis learning.

作者文宏李风山 Wen Hong;Li Fengshan

机构地区华南理工大学

出处《上海行政学院学报》 CSSCI 北大核心 2023年第3期18-32,共15页 The Journal of Shanghai Administration Institute

基金教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“重大突发公共卫生事件背景下的城市治理研究”(21JZD037) 华南理工大学“双一流”建设项目“城市治理视域下的公共卫生事件应对机制研究”(xzgg/N3220050) 第六批国家万人计划青年拔尖人才项目(2021年)的阶段性成果。

关键词危机学习风险防范吃一堑长一智事故调查扎根理论 Crisis Learning Risk Prevention a Fall into the Pit.a Gain in Your Wit Accident Investigation Grounded Theory

分类号 D63 [政治法律—政治学]