摘要
减负一直是我国重要的教育议题。在义务教育学业负担治理过程中,政府既是治理的重要主体,也是治理的主导力量。为实现有效而有序的义务教育学业负担治理,政府需秉持崇善的价值取向,在治理重心上应以生为本,凸显教育的育人本位;在治理原则上应秉持公正,统一教育公平与质量;在治理追求上应均衡利益,最大化教育的公共利益。然而,出于善衷的学业负担治理并非一定导向善的治理结果。在推进义务教育学业负担政府治理中,若治理的行政性高于治理的教育性、治理的连贯性与一致性不足、政民信息互通程度不足、精英价值取向、单一评价体系与利益性资源分配组成了稳固结构,则可能引发治理的价值偏移、公平失衡、利益角逐、信任危机等伦理风险。为规避学业负担政府治理过程中的伦理风险,需高度警惕引发相关风险的可能性因素,进一步凸显学业负担政府治理的教育性、强化学业负担政府治理的连贯性与一致性、增强政民信息互通程度、利用评价杠杆撬动学业负担政府治理的全面推进,以最终实现学业负担的善治。
Burden reduction has always been an important educational issue in China.In the governance of burden reduction,the government is not only one of the main body but also the leading force.In order to reduce burden in an effective and orderly manner,the government needs to attach more importance to good.The focus of governance should be student-oriented for its people-centered philosophy in education.The principle of governance should juggle educational equity and quality in a just way.The pursuit of governance should be interest-balanced for the maximized public interest of education.However,a good ideal of burden reduction does not always lead to a good result.In the process of burden reduction,if administrative nature of governance overwhelmed its educational nature,the governance lacked coherence and consistency,information exchange between the government and the people were insufficient,and elite value orientation,the single evaluation system and the allocation of interest resources constituted a stable structure,these might result in some ethical risks.There are four ethical risks,i.e.the deviation of original aspirations,the imbalance of equality,the rival for interests and the crisis of trust.To avoid these ethical risks,we should be highly alert to factors that may cause relevant risks.We should further highlight the educational nature of burden reduction,strengthen the coherence and consistency of burden reduction,enhance information exchange between the government and the people,and utilize evaluation system to promote comprehensive governance of burden reduction to yield good governance results.
作者
李宝庆
何小妤
Li Baoqing;He Xiaoyu(Center for Studies of Education and Psychology of Ethnic Minorities In Southwest China,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715;Faculty of Education,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715)
出处
《中国电化教育》
北大核心
2023年第6期43-50,共8页
China Educational Technology
基金
国家社会科学基金“十四五”规划2021年度教育学重点课题“我国义务教育学业负担综合治理研究”(课题编号:AHA210009)阶段性研究成果。
关键词
义务教育
学业负担
政府治理
伦理风险
compulsory education
learning burden
government governance
ethical risk
