摘要
农业环境重金属污染会带来潜在的食品安全风险,不同品种作物在重金属积累能力方面存在显著差异,因此,种植低积累品种作物可以一定程度降低农产品可食部分的重金属含量,从而降低由此带来的健康风险。青稞是西藏地区主要的农作物之一,其重金属污染问题不容忽视。首先建立了土壤和青稞植株中Hg、Cr、As、Pb、Cd等重金属的微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)方法;针对“一江两河”流域广泛种植的9个青稞品种,通过小区试验进一步研究了青稞不同品种、不同植株部位对重金属的积累特性。结果表明,不同品种青稞Hg的富集系数(BF)为0.0065~0.042,其中BF值最低为藏青17和藏青320;Cr的BF值为0.0224~0.081,最低的品种为藏青18和13-5171-7;As的BF值为0.002~0.0054,最低的品种为藏青2000(包衣)和13-5171-7;Pb的BF值为0.0001~0.0035,最低的品种为喜拉22和藏青320;Cd的BF值为0.0009~0.0281,最低的品种为藏青2000(未包衣)和藏青2000(包衣)。Hg、Cr和Cd的土壤-籽粒富集系数显著高于As和Pb,说明不同元素在青稞中富集能力存在差异;同时,青稞植株不同部位间的转运系数(TF)存在差异,茎-叶的TF值(0.224~3.668)远高于根-茎(0.180~1.564)和叶-籽粒(0.009~0.185)。当考虑土壤中Hg、Cr、As、Pb、Cd多种重金属复合污染时,聚类分析的结果表明,藏青320品种的茎、叶特别是籽粒的低积累特性较好。研究数据可为西藏“一江两河”流域单种或多种重金属污染情况下,“两低一高”青稞品种(籽粒和茎叶含量低、根部含量高)的筛选提供参考。
Heavy metal contamination in agricultural environment is a potential environmental threat to food safety.Moreover,different cultivars of crops also result in significant difference of heavy metal accumulation in their edible parts,of which the crop varieties with low accumulation of heavy metals could decline the concentration of heavy metals in grain to reduce the health risks caused by food intake.Highland barley is one of the main crops in Tibet,however the heavy metal pollution along the drainage basin of one river and its two tributaries must be paid more attentions for highland barley intake.In this work,the methods of Hg,Cr,As,Pb and Cd in soil and highland barley plant samples were firstly established using microwave digestion ICP-MS.Then,nine highland barley cultivars mainly planted in the aforementioned drainage basin was selected to evaluate the accumulation characteristics of Hg,Cr,As,Pb and Cd from soil.The results indicated that the biological factors(BFs)form soil to grain ranged from 0.0065 to 0.042 for Hg,of which the cultivars of Zang Qing 17 and Zang Qing 320 remained the lowest;Cr were 0.0224-0.081,and Zang Qing 18 and 13-5171-7 for the lowest;As were 0.002-0.0054,and Zang Qing 2000(coated)and 13-517107 for the lowest;Pb were 0.0001-0.0035,and Xi La 22 and Zang Qing 320 for the lowest;Cd were 0.0009-0.0281,and Zang Qing 2000(no-coated)and Zang Qing 2000(coated)for the lowest.The BF values from soil to grain of Hg,Cr and Cd were obviously superior to that of As and Pb;furthermore,the translocation factor(TF)of stem-leaf(0.224-3.668)was much higher than that of root-stem(0.180-1.564)and leaf-grain(0.0009-0.185).Taking into consideration of the combined contamination of Hg,Cr,As,Pb and Cd,the clustering analysis results proved Zang Qing 320 occupied the optimum low-accumulation capacity of heavy metals in stem,leaf and grain.Therefore,this work will provide feasible cultivars of highland barely with low-accumulation capacity of one or multi heavy metals in grain,stem and leaf vs.high-accumulation
作者
李雪
刘青海
李建洪
邱城
毛雪飞
LI Xue;LIU Qinghai;LI Jianhong;QIU Cheng;MAO Xuefei(Institute of Agricultural Product Quality Standard and Testing Research,Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Lhasa,Tibet 540100,China;Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-products,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,and Key Laboratory of Agro-food Safety and Quality,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100081,China;Inspection and Testing Center for Quality and Safety of Agricultural and Livestock Products,Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture,Hainan,Qinghai 813099,China)
出处
《中国无机分析化学》
CAS
北大核心
2023年第6期652-660,共9页
Chinese Journal of Inorganic Analytical Chemistry
基金
西藏自治区科技计划项目(XZ202001ZY0048N)。
关键词
青稞
重金属
电感耦合等离子体质谱法
低积累
品种筛选
highland barley
heavy metals
inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
low accumulation
cultivar selection
