摘要
育儿假政策已在多国广泛实施。作为近年来我国新增的生育配套支持政策,育儿假在传达男女平等育儿的价值取向、构建生育友好型社会等方面意义重大。但是我国育儿假落地实施过程中存在用人单位不配合、父亲参与育儿较少等问题。以OECD国家为例,介绍相关发达国家施行育儿假的成功经验,如采用合理的成本分担机制、育儿假配额制等,不仅缓解了母亲的育儿压力,还让父亲更多地参与育儿。另外,分析了我国育儿假有效实施的影响因素,并与相关国家进行比较。我国育儿假政策想要切实落地、取得较好的政策效果,应实施育儿假成本社会共担机制、拓宽生育保险筹资渠道及覆盖面、鼓励父母共享育儿假、推动育儿假政策与相关经济社会政策有效衔接。
Parental leave has been used world widely.As a new supporting measure for childbearing in China in recent years,it is of great significance in conveying the value orientation of equal childcare between men and women and building a child-bearing friendly society.However,there are difficulties in the implementation process,such as the lack of cooperation of employers and less paternal involvement in childcare.Taking OECD countries as examples,this paper introduces the main successful experience of parental leave in developed countries,such as reasonable cost sharing mechanism,parental leave quota system,so to relieve the pressure of mothers and involve fathers more in childcare.In addition,it analyzes the influencing factors of the implementation of parental leave in China,and makes a comparative analysis with relevant countries.In order to achieve a better policy effect,it is necessary to set a mechanism of social sharing of the cost of parental leave,expand the financing channels and coverage of maternity insurance,encourage parents to share parental leave,and promote an effective connection between the parental leave policy and relevant economic and social policies.
作者
陈红
米红
CHEN Hong;MI Hong(“One-old and One-young”Development Research Institute,Ningbo University of Technology,Ningbo 315211,China;School of Public Affairs,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)
出处
《人口与社会》
2023年第2期90-99,共10页
Population and Society
基金
浙江省哲社优势重大项目“从‘未富先老’到‘渐富快老’:中国人口老龄化多状态预测与养老政策仿真(2018—2070年)”(19YSXK03ZD)。
关键词
育儿假
父亲育儿
育儿分工
生育保险
育儿成本
育儿责任
生育友好
parental leave
father parenting
division of child care
maternity insurance
childcare cost
parenting stress
fertility friendly
