摘要
《民法典》继承编解释(一)第三条、第八条、第二十六条、第二十八条规定了遗嘱无效规则,其中第二十六条与第二十八条之规则符合《民法典》之精神与理念。然而其第三条与第八条中遗嘱无效规则值得商榷。第一,与遗赠扶养协议相抵触的遗嘱应当被认定为有效,但不产生对抗遗赠扶养协议的效力;若扶养人放弃受遗赠权,遗嘱得以对抗其他法定继承人。第二,继承人杀害被继承人或者其他继承人的情形下,遗嘱仍应被认定为有效;但因继承人在此情形下丧失继承权,此时应认定遗嘱失效。第三,《民法典》继承编解释(一)虽未规定继承人存在遗弃、虐待被继承人情节严重的情形时遗嘱的效力,但类比继承人杀害被继承人或者其他继承人的情形下遗嘱的效力,因继承人丧失继承权,遗嘱失效。
Article 3,8,26,and 28 of the Interpretation(I)of the Succession of the Civil Code stipulates the rule of invalidation of wills,and the rules in Article 26 and 28 conform to the spirit and rationale of the Civil Code.However,the rules of invalidation of wills in Article 3 and 8 are worthy of discussion.First,a will that conflicts with the legacy-support agreement shall be considered valid,but it may not have the legal effect against the legacy-support agreement;if the supporter waives the right to legacy,the will takes priority over legal succession.Second,it the successor kills the decedent or other successors,the will shall still be considered valid.However,considering the successor loses the right of succession under such circumstances,the will shall be considered invalid.Third,if the circumstances of abandonment or maltreatment of the decedent are serious,though it has not been stipulated in the Interpretation(I)of the Succession of the Civil Code,the validity of a will shall be considered analogous to the case where the successor kills the decedent or other successors.Therefore,considering the successor is disinherited,the will shall be considered invalid.
作者
汤敏
TANG Min(School of Intellectual Property,Nanjing University of Science&Technology,Nanjing,Jiangsu,210094)
出处
《大连理工大学学报（社会科学版）》
北大核心
2023年第2期101-107,共7页
Journal of Dalian University of Technology(Social Sciences)
基金
国家社会科学基金一般项目“宪法环境条款的民法表达研究”(19BFX119)
教育部人文社科基金青年项目“股权转让中合同效力与权利变动之区分研究”(18YJC820006)。
关键词
《民法典》继承编解释(一)
遗嘱无效
遗赠扶养协议
丧失继承权
Interpretation(I)of the Succession of the Civil Code
invalidation of wills
legacy-support agreement
disinheritance
