摘要
事故致因理论作为安全工作的理论基础和支撑,明确其概念和发展过程对理解“大安全、大应急”等管理业务具有重要意义。通过文献综述,对事故致因理论的发展过程及其分类进行梳理。结果表明,1984年至今发表的事故致因理论综述文献中,将事故致因理论分为3个主要类别,即线性事故致因理论、多因素事故致因理论和系统论事故致因理论。其中系统论事故致因理论主要包括AcciMap、STAMP、FRAM和HFACS,这几个模型在社会技术系统事故发生机制的定量化描述方面取得很大进展,但也存在较大的主观性和抽象性。动态事故致因“2-4”模型完全具有系统论事故致因模型的特征,它在社会技术系统事故发生机制的描述及预防对策制定上比以往模型有很大优势。
Accident cause theory is the theoretical basis and support of safety work,so it is of great significance to clarify its concept and development process to understand the management business such as"big safety and big emergency".In this paper,the development process and classification of the accident cause theory were sorted out through literature review.The results show that the accident cause theory is generally divided into three categories,namely,linear accident cause theory,multi-factor accident cause theory,and systematic accident cause theory according to the related literature published since 1984;that the systematic accident cause theory mainly includes AcciMap,STAMP,FRAM,and HFACS,and although these models have made great progress in the quantitative description of the accident mechanism of social and technical systems,they are also subjective and abstract;that dynamic 24Model totally has the characteristics of an accident causation model of system theory,and it has greater advantages than previous models in describing the accident-causing mechanism of the social technology system and preventing countermeasures.
作者
傅贵
韩梦
贾琳
万井江
付汇琪
FU Gui;HAN Meng;JIA Lin;WAN Jingjiang;FU Huiqi(School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;China Resources Power Holdings Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen Guangdong 518057,China;The Second Geological Survey Institute of Jilin Province,Jilin Jilin 132013,China)
出处
《安全》
2023年第3期1-8,共8页
Safety & Security
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51534008,51444002)。
