摘要
目的了解青少年离家出走的影响因素及其与家庭弹性的关系,为家庭、学校和社会综合预防青少年离家出走提供依据。方法采用配额抽样的方法,于2021年7月―9月从全国120个城市选取12~18岁青少年通过“问卷星”平台发布问卷,并由调查员协助进行电子问卷调查,共计回收有效问卷1065份。调查内容包括青少年的人口学资料、家庭信息、心理状态、家庭弹性、社会支持情况及过去30 d内离家出走行为等。使用单因素分析和Logistic回归探索青少年离家出走的影响因素及其与家庭弹性的相关性。结果共调查1065名青少年,其中独生子女334名(占比31.36%),男生442名(占比41.50%)。单因素分析结果发现,7.6%的青少年在过去30 d内发生过离家出走行为,家庭收入低(P<0.001)、少数民族(P=0.031)、中专和大专的青少年(P=0.029)容易发生离家出走。自我效能低(P=0.005)、抑郁(P<0.001)、焦虑(P<0.001)的青少年离家出走发生率较高;而家庭弹性(P<0.001)和社会支持较高(P<0.001)的青少年较少发生离家出走行为。多因素Logistic回归结果显示,与家庭弹性较低的青少年相比,家庭弹性高(OR=0.16,95%CI:0.06~0.46)和家庭弹性一般(OR=0.27,95%CI:0.14~0.55)的青少年发生离家出走的风险显著降低。结论家庭对于预防青少年发生离家出走具有重大意义,父母应构建良好的亲子关系,构建美满的家庭氛围,减少青少年离家出走行为的发生。
Objective To explore the influencing factors of adolescent runaway and its correlation with family health so as to provide epidemiological evidence for future comprehensive interventions.Methods Using the quota sampling method,1065 adolescents aged 12-18 years old were surveyed by Questionnaire Star in 120 cities in China from July to September 2021.A well-developed electronic questionnaire was used to collect information about demographic characteristics,psychological characteristics,family health,social support,and behavior of running away from home.Univariate analysis and Logistic regression were used to explore the influencing factors of adolescent runaway and its correlation with family health.Results A total of 1065 adolescents were investigated,among whom 334 were the only children(31.36%)and 442 were boys(41.50%).Univariate analysis revealed that 7.6%of teenagers had the experience of running away from home in the last 30 days.Participants who were ethnic minorities(P=0.031)and had education of technical school or junior college(P=0.029)and a low family income(P<0.001)were more likely to have running away behavior.Adolescents with low self-efficacy(P=0.005),depression(P<0.001),anxiety(P<0.001),and more stress had higher detection rates of runaway behavior.However,adolescents with higher family health and social support were less likely to run away from home(P<0.01).Multivariate analysis showed that compared with adolescents with low family health,adolescents with high(OR=0.16,95%CI:0.06-0.46)and moderate(OR=0.27,95%CI:0.14-0.55)family health had a significantly lower risk of runaway behavior.Conclusion The family is of great significance in preventing teenagers from running away from home.Parents should build a good parent-child relationship and create a happy family atmosphere to reduce the occurrence of teenagers running away from home.
作者
王珣
候怡菁
李雅静
王璇
孙昕霙
葛蒲
吴一波
王明旭
WANG Xun;HOU Yijing;LI Yajing;WANG Xuan;SUN Xinying;GE Pu;WU Yibo;WANG Mingxu(School of Public Health,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710061;School of Public Health,Peking University,Beijing 100191;School of Management,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China)
出处
《西安交通大学学报（医学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第2期171-176,共6页
Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University（Medical Sciences）
基金
中国教育学会第四批教育科研“体育与卫生”专项课题(No.2020TX013109ZB)。
关键词
离家出走
青少年
家庭弹性
runaway behavior
adolescent
family health
