摘要
水库泥沙淤积是造成有效库容减少、运行成本增加以及水库寿命缩短的重要影响因素,科学判别水库的淤积形势以及开展合理的排沙措施是解决水库淤积的有效途径。紫坪铺水库自汶川地震后,入库沙量呈增加趋势,对水库的安全运行及下游用水安全产生了极大威胁。研究表明:汶川地震前,岷江上游径流量呈减小趋势,地震后有少许恢复,但仍处于偏枯状态;地震后入库沙量明显增加,截至2020年,水库淤积总量为1.952亿m^(3),占总库容的17.55%,泥沙总体淤积在库区中部,坝前淤积相对较少;为应对水库淤积问题,提出减少水库淤积的措施、异重流排沙、人工清淤以及工程措施与非工程措施结合的“上库调沙,下库调水”的综合减淤方式,以期为紫坪铺水库健康长效运行提供决策建议。
Reservoir sediment deposition is an important factor that causes the reduction of effective storage capacity, the increase of operation cost and the shortening of reservoir life. Scientific discrimination of reservoir sediment deposition situation and reasonable sediment discharge measures are effective ways to solve reservoir sediment deposition. Since the Wenchuan earthquake, the amount of sediment entering into the Zipingpu Reservoir has been increased, posing a great threat to the safe operation of the reservoir and the safety of downstream water use. The results of the study show that before the Wenchuan earthquake, the runoff in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River is decreased, and after the earthquake, there is a little recovery, but it is still at the level of dry years. After the earthquake, the amount of sediment entering into the reservoir has been increased significantly. The total amount of sedimentation in the reservoir is 195.2 million m^(3), accounting for 17.55% of the total reservoir capacity. The sediment is generally deposited in the middle of the reservoir area, and the sedimentation in front of the dam is relatively small. In order to deal with the issue of reservoir sedimentation, the prevention and control measures of reservoir sedimentation to reduce sediment from the upstream, sediment discharge by density current, artificial dredging, and the comprehensive sedimentation reduction method of “sediment regulation in the upper reservoir and water regulation in the lower reservoir” combined with engineering measures and non engineering measures are proposed to provide decision-making suggestions for the healthy and long-term operation of Zipingpu Reservoir.
作者
李洪
由丽华
王宏伟
王强
王远见
LI Hong;YOU Lihua;WANG Hongwei;WANG Qiang;WANG Yuanjian(Sichuan Zipingpu Development Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610091,China;Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research,YRCC,Zhengzhou 450003,China;Henan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Reservoir-Lake Function Restoring and Maintaining,Zhengzhou 450003,China)
出处
《人民黄河》
CAS
北大核心
2023年第2期52-56,61,共6页
Yellow River
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3200400)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(U2243215,51879115)
河南省自然科学基金资助项目(222300420235)
水利部水利干部教育与人才培养项目(126201580001190006)。
关键词
径流
含沙量
深泓线
减淤措施
紫坪铺水库
runoff
sediment content
thalweg
siltation reduction strategy
Zipingpu Reservoir
