摘要
目的:探究情绪效价、唤醒水平与框架效应对风险决策的影响。方法:本研究包括两个实验。实验1采用情绪诱导范式,采用2(效价:积极和消极)×2(唤醒水平:高唤醒和低唤醒)×2(框架:获益框架和损失框架)实验设计,120名被试分成4组被诱发进入4种情绪状态,完成损失和收益框架效应下的仿真气球冒险任务;实验2对比以唤醒水平低为典型特征的抑郁症被试与正常被试在仿真气球冒险任务中的风险决策偏好。两个实验均选取爆炸气球数量、未爆气球平均按键次数(BART值)和奖励和惩罚两种反馈后的平均按键次数作为因变量指标。结果:实验1结果表明,消极效价下框架效应更显著,F(1,116)=5.641,P<0.05,η^(2)p=0.046;奖励反馈比惩罚反馈条件下的冒险性决策增多,F(1,116)=38.791,P<0.01,η^(2)p=0.251。实验2中抑郁症被试和正常被试在吹爆气球数量和未爆气球的平均按键次数均无差异,奖励反馈比惩罚反馈条件下的冒险性决策增多,F(1,78)=15.130,P<0.01,η^(2)p=0.162。结论:①消极效价更容易出现框架效应;②消极效价下的高唤醒水平出现冒险倾向的概率更高;③抑郁症患者的冒险倾向与正常人被试之间不存在差异。
Objective:To explore the impact of emotional valence, arousal level and frame effect on risk decision-making.Methods:There were two experiments in this study.In Experiment 1,120 subjects divided into 4 groups randomly and induced into 4 emotional states, completed the simulated balloon adventure task under the two frame effects with Emotion Induced Paradigm, in a 2(valence: positive vs.negative)× 2(arousal level: high vs.low)× 2(frame: gain vs.loss)experimental design.In Experiment 2,inpatients with depression, charactered by low arousal level were tested the risk decision-making preferences in the simulated balloon adventure task in the comparison with normal subject.In both experiments, the number of exploded balloons, the average number of unexploded balloon keystrokes(BART value),and the average number of keystrokes after the feedback of rewards and punishments were adopted as the dependent variable indicators.Results:The results of Experiment 1 showed that: The interaction between valence and frame was significant marginally, F(1,116)=5.641,P<0.05,η^(2)p=0.046;and the main effect of reward and punishment was significant, F(1,116)=38.791,P<0.01,η^(2)p=0.251.The results in Experiment 2 demonstrated that: The number of exploded balloons and the average number of unexploded balloon keystrokes between inpatients with depression and normal community subjects had no difference, and the main effect of reward and punishment was significant, F(1,78)=15.130,P<0.01,η^(2)p=0.162.Conclusion:①Frame effect is inclined to emerge under negative valence;②There is more high risk-taking tendency under high arousal in the condition of negative valence;③There is no difference between the risk-taking tendency of inpatients with depression and normal community subjects.
作者
赵立
侯圣航
高志华
ZHAO Li;HOU Shenghang;GAO Zhihua(College of Psychology and Mental Health,North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan 063210,China)
出处
《中国健康心理学杂志》
北大核心
2022年第12期1772-1777,共6页
China Journal of Health Psychology
基金
2021-2022年度河北省社会科学基金项目(编号:HB21YY001)。
关键词
效价
唤醒水平
框架效应
抑郁症患者
风险决策
仿真气球冒险任务
Potency
Arousal level
Framing effect
Patients with depression
Risk decision-making
Simulated balloon adventure task
