摘要
二氧化硅气凝胶是一种具有高比表面积、高孔隙率、低密度、低导热系数等优异性能的新型材料,但也存在高温下机械强度低、形态稳定性差等缺点。与其他陶瓷耐热相复合是一种可行的改性方式。本文介绍了硅铝复合气凝胶的制备与应用,氧化铝相的引入使气凝胶的耐温区间稳定在1200~1400℃,高温下可保持较低导热系数。在催化方面,硅铝复合气凝胶与常用催化剂相比表现出优异性能。在保温领域,特别是高温环境下,其热稳定性和低导热系数显示出巨大的应用潜力。作为吸附剂,将氧化铝相引入二氧化硅气凝胶中可获得较高的稳定性及吸附能力,且可重复使用,进行多次吸附/脱附循环。
Silica aerogel is a new type of material with excellent physical and chemical properties such as high specific surface area, high porosity, low density and low thermal conductivity. However, silica aerogel also has some disadvantages such as low mechanical strength and poor dimensional stability at high temperature, and recombination with other ceramic heat resistant phases is a feasible modification way. This paper introduces the preparation and application of silica-aluminum composite aerogel. The introduction of alumina phase makes the temperature tolerance range of aerogel stable to 1200~1400℃, which can maintain low thermal conductivity at very high temperature. Compared with common catalysts, Si-Al composite aerogel shows excellent performance in catalysis. In the field of thermal insulation, especially at high temperature, it has great application potential due to its thermal stability and low thermal conductivity. As an adsorbent, the introduction of alumina phase into silica aerogel can obtain high stability and adsorption capacity, and be reused for multiple adsorption/desorption cycles.
作者
吴佳臻
张忠伦
徐长伟
王明铭
刘振森
WU Jiazhen;ZHANG Zhonglun;XU Changwei;WANG Mingming;LIU Zhensen(China Building Materials Academy Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100024;Shenyang Jianzhu University,Shenyang 110168;CNBM Technology Innovation Academy(Shandong)Co.,Ltd.,Zaozhuang 277000)
出处
《中国建材科技》
CAS
2022年第5期46-55,共10页
China Building Materials Science & Technology
基金
国家十三五重点研发计划课题“村镇低能耗建筑关键技术集成研究与示范”(2020YFD1100304)。
关键词
二氧化硅
氧化铝
复合气凝胶
耐高温
制备
应用
silica
alumina
composite aerogel
high temperature resistant
preparation
application
