摘要
目的 探讨献血后访谈了解献血者捐献全血后出现献血不良反应(ADRs)的频率和类型及其相关风险因素的可行性。方法 设计捐献全血2周内ADRs调查问卷,2021年9月~10月随机选择812名全血献血者,由经培训的医务人员在献血后未离场前现场访谈、献血后24 h及2周时电话随访,统计ADRs出现的频率和类型,收集调查对象性别、年龄、血压、平均动脉压(MAP)、体重等体检数据,与ADRs做相关度分析。结果 通过在献血现场访谈与献血2周内2次随访,并结合所收集调查对象的人口学及体检指标的有效性,最终纳入734人[90.39%(734/812)]为研究对象,本组ADRs发生率13.22%(97/734),其中献血当时(采血现场)的血管迷走神经反应发生率10.49%(77/734)[占本组79.38%(77/97)ADRs];离开采血现场后≤2周的ADRs发生率2.73%(20/734)[占本组20.62%(20/97)ADRs;含局部发生症状者1.63%(12/734)]。多因素logistic回归分析影响ADRs发生的因素依次为1次献血量400 mL(OR 6.312,95%CI 3.336-11.944)、体重45~60 kg(OR 3.744,95%CI 2.017-6.949),MAP≤90 mmHg(OR 3.101,95%CI 1.416-6.788),初次献血(OR 2.237,95%CI 1.199-4.174),年龄18~30岁(OR 2.197,95%CI 1.107-4.361),女性(OR 1.871,95%CI 1.026-3.413);献血者血压、职业、学历、身体质量指数(BMI)、Hb并非ADRs影响与风险预测因素。结论 利用献血后访谈与随访可有效地获得献血者ADRs的真实信息,及时掌握和预测影响ADRs发生地相关因素,以采取针对性预防措施,保障献血者安全。
Objective To study the adverse reactions(ADRs) in blood donors after whole-blood donation in terms of frequency and types, so as to explore the predisposing factors of adverse reactions.Methods A questionnaire was designed to investigate ADRs within 2 weeks after whole blood donation. A total of 812 whole blood donors were randomly selected from September to October 2021. They were interviewed by trained medical staff before leaving the site after blood donation, then followed up by telephone 24 hours and 2 weeks after blood donation. The frequency and type of ADRs were surveyed, and the physical examination data such as gender, age, blood pressure, mean arterial pressure(MAP) and weight were collected to, analyze the predisposing factors that correlated with ADRs. Results Finally, 734 people [90.39%(734/812)], with valid demographic and physical examination information, were included in this study after on-site interviews and two follow-ups within two weeks after blood donation. The incidence of ADRs was 13.22%(97/734), of which the incidence of on-site vasovagal reactions during blood donation was 10.49%(77/734)(with the constituent ratio as 79.38%,77/97)and the incidence of ADRs ≤ 2 weeks after leaving the blood collection site was 2.73%(20/734, including 12 donors had(1.63%, 12/734) local symptoms)(with the constituent ratio as 20.62%,20/97). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the factors influencing the occurrence of ADRs were as follows: 400 mL-blood donation(OR 6.312, 95% CI 3.336-11.944), 45~60 kg weight(OR 3.744, 95% CI 2.017-6.949), MAP ≤ 90 mmHg(OR 3.101, 95% CI 1.416-6.788), novel blood donor(OR 2.237, 95% CI 1.199-4.174), age of 18~30 years(OR 2.197, 95% CI1.107-4.361), female(OR 1.871, 95% CI 1.026-3.413);blood pressure, occupation, education background, body mass index(BMI) and Hb of blood donors were not the influencing factors and risk predictors of ADRs. Conclusion The application of on-site interview and two follow-ups after donation can effectively obtain the true inform
作者
程雪
樊晶
李红珠
刘锐
CHENG Xue;FAN Jing;LI Hongzhu;LIU Rui(Tianjin Blood Center,Tianjin 300110,China)
出处
《中国输血杂志》
CAS
2022年第10期1043-1048,共6页
Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion
关键词
献血不良反应
影响因素
现场访谈
献血者
献血者随访
多因素分析
献血安全
adverse reactions to donation
influencing factors
on-site interview
blood donors
follow-up of blood donors
multi-factor analysis
blood donation safety
