摘要
目的分析医学生无偿捐献全血出现不良反应的相关因素及对策,进一步降低献血反应发生率。方法对2016~2018年医学生与非医学生全血献血者以及发生不良反应者的资料进行回顾性分析,运用统计学分析发生献血不良反应与年龄、性别、献血频次、血量、血型、脉搏、ALT、血压、Hb等的关系。结果2016~2018年本站所有医学生全血献血者发生献血反应率为1.16%,低于非医学生1.51%;高年级(>20岁)医学生反应率2.30%明显低于非医学生3.93%,高于低年级医学生(≤20岁)0.70%,初次献血的医学生反应率1.27%低于非医学生2.12%(P<0.05);医学生男性反应率1.68%高于女性0.78%(P<0.05),献血量≤200 mL时反应率55%高于其他血量反应率0.26%和0(P<0.05),医学生Hb<120 g/L时反应率13.04%,明显高于Hb≥120 g/L时反应率1.10%(P<0.05),医学生A型血反应率1.70%,高于O型血0.88%(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析显示血量和血型为相关因素,其中A型血相对于O型血更易发生,血量较低时更易发生献血反应;献血反应在采血中多发,发生原因75%为精神紧张影响,其次8.92%为饥饿(P<0.05),由96.43%在10 min内可恢复。结论初次献血者、男性、年龄>20岁、Hb<120 g/L、A型血以及献血量≤200 mL时是医学生捐献全血献血反应率高发的主要特征;普及无偿献血知识、加强献血交流沟通是预防献血反应的重要措施。
Objective To analyze the related factors and countermeasures of adverse reactions to whole blood donation(ARBD)for medical student donors,so as to further reduce the incidence of ARBD.Methods The demographic data of medical/non-medical student donors and those suffered from ARBD from 2016 to 2018 were retrospectively analyzed,and the relationship between ARBD and age,gender,frequency of blood donation,blood volume,blood type,pulse,ALT,blood pressure,hemoglobin,etc.was statistically analyzed.Results The incidence of ARBD in all medical student donors from 2016 to 2018 was 1.16%,lower than that of non-medical students(1.51%).The ARBD rate(2.30%)of senior medical students(>20 years old)was significantly lower than that of non-medical students(3.93%)and higher than that of junior medical students(≤20 years old)(0.70%).The ARBD rate of novel medical student donors was 1.27%,lower than that of novel non-medical students(2.12%)(P<0.05).Male medical students(1.68%)were more likely to develop ARBD than females(0.78%),donations within 200 mL(55%)than 300mL(0.26%)and 400mL(0),Hb<120 g/L(13.04%)than Hb≥120 g/L(1.10%),and blood type A(1.70%)than type O(0.88%)(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that blood volume and blood type were related factors.ARBD was more likely to occur in Type A blood than type O,and was more likely to occur when blood volume was lower.ARBD occurred frequently during phlebotomy,due to mental stress(75%)and hunger(8.92%)(P<0.05),while 96.43%of ARBD could recover within 10 minutes.Conclusion Novel,male,older than 20 years,Hb<120 g/L,blood type A and donation unit≤200 mL were main risks for ARBD in medical student donors.Popularizing the knowledge of voluntary blood donation and strengthening pre-donation communication are important measures to prevent ARBD.
作者
王振兴
陈少彬
黄志森
韩国伟
苏柱安
WANG Zhenxing;CHEN Shaobin;HUANG Zhisen;HAN Guowei;SU Zhu′an(Dongguan Blood Center,Dongguan 523930,China)
出处
《中国输血杂志》
CAS
2021年第8期891-894,共4页
Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion
关键词
医学生
献血反应
分析
medical students
blood donation reaction
analysis
