摘要
目的应用四种风险评估方法评估某煤矿企业重点接尘岗位的职业健康风险水平,为防控煤矿粉尘造成的健康损害提供依据。方法选取陕西省某煤矿企业为研究对象,于2020年12月对其开展职业卫生现场调查和煤矿呼吸性粉尘检测,运用GBZ/T 229.1-2010工作场所职业病危害作业分级、国际采矿与金属委员会(ICMM)职业健康风险评估模型(包括定量法和矩阵法)和澳大利亚职业健康与安全风险评估方法(澳大利亚模型)进行风险评估,结果进行风险比值转换后运用Spearman相关分析比较四种方法风险比值的相关性。结果该企业20个主要接尘岗位中,连采机司机接尘浓度最高。四种方法均显示该煤矿企业采煤系统的采煤机司机、端头支护工和移架工,掘进系统的连采机司机和梭车司机以及选煤厂的筛分楼巡检工粉尘危害风险等级较其他岗位高。ICMM定量评估的岗位风险等级高于其他3种方法。除ICMM定量法外,其余3种方法均具有强相关关系(r:0.849~0.913,P<0.05)。结论职业病危害作业分级与ICMM矩阵法和澳大利亚模型评估结果较为一致,均发现该煤矿企业采煤机司机、端头支护工、移架工、连采机司机、梭车司机以及筛分楼巡检工煤矿粉尘健康危害风险等级高,建议应重点关注这些岗位工人健康状况。
Objective Four risk assessment methods were used to evaluate the occupational health risk level of key dust exposure occupations in a coal mining enterprise,and to provide a basis for preventing and controlling the health damage caused by coal mine dust.Methods A coal mine in Shaanxi Province was selected to carry out occupational health field investigation and coal mine respirable dust detection in December 2020.The classification of occupational hazards in the workplace(GBZ/T 229.1-2010),the International Council on Mining and Metals(ICMM)model(quantitative method and matrix method)and the Australian model were used to assess the occupational health risk levels,then the above assessment results were converted into the risk ratios.Spearman correlation analysis was performed to compare the correlations of the risk ratios.Results Among the 20 main dust occupations in the enterprise,the dust exposure concentration of the continuous mining machine driver was the highest.Four methods showed that the risk levels of coal-mining machine driver,end supporter and support frame shifter in the coal mining system,continuous miner driver and shuttle mine car driver in the tunneling system,and screening floor inspector in the coal preparation plant were higher than that of workers in other dust positions.Except for the ICMM quantification method,there were strong correlations among the results of other three methods(r:0.849-0.913,all P<0.05).Conclusion The assessment results among the classification of occupational hazards,ICMM matrix method and the Australian model were consistent,and discovered that coal-mining machine driver,end supporter,support frame shifter,continuous miner driver,shuttle mine car driver,and screening floor inspector were at higher occupational health risk levels than workers working in other dust positions in the coal mine,which suggested that more attention should be paid to the health status of these workers.
作者
苗彦平
朱玉峰
张展鹏
李兵
张成
曹航兵
梁如意
陈浩明
陈卫红
王冬明
MIAO Yan-ping;ZHU Yu-feng;ZHANG Zhan-peng;LI Bing;ZHANG Cheng;CAO Hang-bing;LIANG Ru-yi;CHEN Hao-ming;CHEN Wei-hong;WANG Dong-ming(Shaanxi Coal Group Shenmu Hongliulin Mining limited company,Yulin,Shaanxi 719300,China;不详)
出处
《工业卫生与职业病》
CAS
2022年第6期441-445,共5页
Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases
基金
2021年度职业危害识别与控制湖北省重点实验室开放基金项目(OHIC2021G05)。
关键词
煤矿粉尘
风险评估
煤工尘肺
Coal dust
Risk assessment
Coal worker’s pneumoconiosis
