摘要
无论是从内在心灵还是外在表现的视角判断人工智能体的道德角色和功能,都存在着难以克服的理论困境,因此需要从互动构建视角看待人工智能体的道德实践。人工智能体的道德实践是人工智能体在与社会规制、人类行为者、人工非智能体、其他人工智能体以及技术规范的互动中逐步实现的,这一过程既是“智能”不断成熟的过程,也是人工智能体发挥其道德潜能从而实现其向善性的过程。从工程技术层面看,人工智能体可以通过自上而下式、自下而上式、混合式三条路径将实践语境中的道德原则、规范和诉求进行符号化转化,并在互动中实现信息交换,实现“善”的输出。从社会层面看,在人工智能体的设计阶段,意向价值的写入和评估形成了人工智能体道德输出的脚本;在推广应用阶段,人工智能体道德实践过程逐渐展开,其意向价值的实现必须依据社会主流价值进行调适,同时也需要营造有利于发挥人工智能体价值调节功能的社会氛围;在使用阶段,人工智能体的道德实践需要与使用者共同构建,意向价值与实现价值在互动中实现整合。
Regardless of the perspective of internal mind or external performance,the judgment on the moral role and function of artificial intelligence agents is confronted with an insurmountable theoretical dilemma.Therefore,it is necessary to look at the moral practice of artificial intelligence agents from the perspective of interaction construction.The moral practice of artificial intelligence agents is gradually realized through the interaction among social regulations,human beings,artificial non-intelligence agents,other artificial intelligence agents and technical specifications.This process is not only an ongoing maturation of the“intelligence”,but also the process of artificial intelligence agents showing their moral potentials and realizing their goodness.From the perspective of engineering technology,artificial intelligence agents can carry out the symbolic transformation of moral principles,norms and demands in the practical context through three paths:top-down,bottom-up,and hybrid.Besides,they can realize the information exchange through interaction and the output of“goodness”.From the social perspective,the intention value will be written and evaluated in the design stage of artificial intelligence agents,forming a script for the moral output of artificial intelligence agents.In the stage of their promotion and application,the realization of artificial intelligence agents’intention value must be adjusted according to the social mainstream value,and it is necessary to create a social atmosphere that is conducive to the value adjustment function of artificial intelligence agents.In the stage of usage,the moral practice of artificial intelligence agents needs to be constructed together with their users,and the intention value and realization value are integrated through interaction.
作者
程海东
陈凡
CHENG Haidong;CHEN Fan(School of Marxism,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110169,China)
出处
《北京师范大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第6期145-153,共9页
Journal of Beijing Normal University(Social Sciences)
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“新时代中国特色工匠精神的科学传承与创新发展研究”(21ZDA020)
国家社会科学基金一般项目“人工智能体道德实践的途径与机制研究”(22BZX026)。
关键词
人工智能体
道德实践
互动构建
实践语境
artificial intelligence agents
moral practice
interaction construction
the practice context
