摘要
乡村旅游地居民与其他利益主体之间的矛盾冲突,给乡村旅游地基层治理带来极大挑战,解释乡村旅游地居民冲突行为的发生机理是化解矛盾冲突的关键。目前,主流的社会交换理论的解释力不足,相对剥夺理论有针对性地弥补了社会交换理论的缺陷,为乡村旅游地居民冲突行为研究提供了新视角。然而,乡村旅游地居民相对剥夺感的测量还存在维度不明确、内容不全面、方法不规范等问题,导致一些研究出现矛盾的结论。鉴于此,文章遵循量表开发的规范程序(发展初始题项、预调研与题项纯化、正式调研与题项检验),以江西省上饶市婺源县10个乡村旅游社区为研究区域,以其中的原住居民为调研对象,构建了乡村旅游地居民相对剥夺感的概念模型和测量量表。研究发现,二维结构(个体相对剥夺感和群体相对剥夺感)、共8个题项的乡村旅游地居民相对剥夺感量表具有良好的信度和效度。文章为我国旅游领域的相对剥夺感研究提供可借鉴的测量技术与分析方法,并为乡村旅游社区治理提供实践启示。
The conflicts between residents and other stakeholders frequently occur in rural tourist destinations, which bring tremendous challenges to the primary-level governance of rural tourist destinations. Explaining the occurrence mechanism of conflict behaviors of residents in rural tourist destinations is the key to resolve these conflicts. At present, the mainstream social exchange theory has insufficient explanatory power. The relative deprivation theory makes up for the defects of social exchange theory and provides a new perspective for the study of residents’ conflict behavior in rural tourist destinations. Unfortunately, the measurement of residents’ relative deprivation in rural tourist destinations still has some problems, such as unclear dimensions, incomplete content, and unstandardized method, which lead to contradictory conclusions in some studies.In view of this, this paper systematically determines the standard steps for scale development,which are conducted in two studies.(1)Qualitative study: Specification of the construct domains, in-depth interview, generation and refinement of scale items.(2)Quantitative study: Pilot survey, purification of scale items, exploratory factor analysis;Formal survey, reliability and validity accession. Ten rural tourism communities in Wuyuan county, Jiangxi province, were taken as research areas, and local residents were selected as the research objects in this study. The formal survey was undertaken from August 6 to September 6, 2020. A total of 638 questionnaires were distributed, and 615 valid questionnaires were returned(effective collection rate, 96.4%). Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 22.0 and Mplus 7.0.This study established a measurement scale of residents’ relative deprivation in rural tourist destinations, which comprised two dimensions(individual relative deprivation and group relative deprivation)and eight scale items. The scale was found to have good reliability and validity. The main contributions of this study are as follows.(1)It designed u
作者
龚晶晶
唐文跃
GONG Jingjing;TANG Wenyue(Business School,Shaoguan University,Shaoguan 512005,China;Institute of Ecological Civilization,Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics,Nanchang 330013,China)
出处
《旅游学刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第11期64-74,共11页
Tourism Tribune
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究项目“景区依托型易地安置区农户生计脆弱性评估与对策研究”(21YJAZH078)资助。
关键词
乡村旅游地
社区居民
相对剥夺感
量表开发
rural tourist destination
community resident
relative deprivation
scale development
