摘要
为探寻河西绿洲灌区制种玉米最佳抗旱措施,本研究以制种玉米NC242为供试材料,分别于2018和2019年开展5个不同处理大田试验,包括施用保水剂(SA)、白色地膜覆盖(WF)、黑色地膜覆盖(BF)、秸秆覆盖(SM)和露地平种(CK),测定制种玉米不同生育阶段生长特性、收获后产量、水分利用效率(WUE)及品质等指标。结果表明,较露地平作(CK),BF和WF处理年均产量和WUE分别提高了3107.02、2693.12 kg/hm2和0.88、0.78 kg/m^(3),以黑色地膜覆盖方式增幅最显著。利用抗旱措施可显著改善制种玉米子粒品质,淀粉、粗蛋白、粗脂肪和可溶性糖含量分别较CK提高3.33%~10.32%、8.06%~24.48%、16.03%~43.04%、11.59%~32.76%,其中BF处理综合品质最高。综合制种玉米的产量、水分利用效率和品质,河西绿洲灌区制种玉米覆盖黑色地膜较其他抗旱措施更能促进产量和水分利用效率的提高,并显著改善子粒品质。
In order to explore the best drought resisting measures of seed maize production in oasis irrigation district of Hexi Corridor,seed maize‘NC242’was used as test material,and five treatments experiment were conducted in 2018 and 2019,included application of super absorbent polymer(SA),white plastic film mulching(WF),black plastic film mulching(BF),straw mulching(SM)and non-contoured seedbed without mulching as the control(CK).The growth characteristics of seed maize during the different growth stages,yield and its quality and water use efficiency(WUE)were measured.The results showed that BF and WF treatments increased the average grain yield and WUE by 3107.02,2693.12 kg/ha and 0.88,0.78 kg/m^(3) in compared to CK over two growing seasons respectively,especially based on sole BF treatment.The results also showed that drought resisting measures can significantly improve grain quality significantly,starch,crude protein,crude fat and soluble sugar content improve 3.33%-10.32%,8.06%-24.48%,16.03%-43.04%and 11.59%-32.76%in compared to CK respectively,the comprehensive quality of BF was the highest,followed by SM.Considering the yield,WUE and quality of seed maize,the BF in oasis irrigation district of Hexi Corridor can promote the yield and WUE,and significantly improve the grain quality in compared to WF,SA,SM and CK.
作者
梁超
肖让
张恒嘉
张永玲
李福强
陈涛
王嘉琦
LIANG Chao;XIAO Rang;ZHANG Heng-jia;ZHANG Yong-ling;LI Fu-qiang;CHEN Tao;WANG Jia-qi(College of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070;College of Civil Engineering,Hexi University/Research Institute of Water Resources Protection and Utilization in Hexi Corridor,Zhangye 734000,China)
出处
《玉米科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第5期80-89,共10页
Journal of Maize Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51669001)
甘肃省重点研发计划项目(18YF1NA073)
河西学院横向科研项目(H2018005,H2019009,H2019033,H2020024)。
关键词
玉米
抗旱措施
生长特征
产量
品质
河西绿洲灌区
Maize
Drought resisting measure
Growth characteristic
Yield
Quality
Oasis irrigation district of Hexi corridor
