摘要
【目的】探明不同颜色地膜对设施番茄植株生长及果实产量与品质的影响,为其在设施番茄上的应用提供参考。【方法】以普罗旺斯番茄品种为研究材料,以不覆盖地膜为对照(CK),对设施番茄分别覆盖透明地膜、黑色地膜和银色反光地膜,在番茄幼苗生长期、开花坐果期、果实生长期和成熟期分别测定土壤含水量、水分利用率和番茄植株的根系活力,番茄幼苗生长阶段测定生长发育指标,果实成熟期测定果实产量和品质,分析覆盖不同颜色地膜对土壤含水量、水分利用率、番茄根系活力、植株生长、产量和品质的影响。【结果】番茄生长期覆盖地膜各处理的土壤含水量和水分利用率均显著提高,均为黑色地膜>银色反光地膜>透明地膜>CK;番茄根系活力表现为银色反光地膜>黑色地膜>透明地膜>CK;幼苗生长指标显著提高,黑色地膜的株高、茎粗和地上干物质质量均最大,较CK分别显著提高32.97%、33.29和25.55%;银色反光地膜的地下干物质质量最大,较CK显著提高76%;银色反光地膜、黑色地膜、透明地膜覆盖番茄的坐果率较CK分别显著提高27.59%、23.53%和16.35%,产量分别显著提高21.29%、15.86%和11.83%;透明地膜、黑色地膜、银色反光地膜覆盖番茄的可溶性蛋白、Vc和可溶性糖含量均显著提高,硝酸盐含量则显著降低,透明地膜覆盖番茄的可溶性蛋白和Vc含量最高,银色反光地膜覆盖番茄的可溶性糖含量最高,CK的硝酸盐含量最高。【结论】覆盖地膜可显著促进番茄植株的生长、提高果实产量和品质,以覆盖银色反光地膜的效果最好。
【Objective】The effects of mulching plastic films with different colors on the plant growth,fruit yield and quality of facility tomato were explored to provide a reference for its application in greenhouse tomato.【Method】The effects of mulching transparent film,black film and silver reflective film on soil water content,water use efficiency and root activity during seedling growth stage,flowering and fruiting stage,fruit growth stage and maturity stage,plant growth during seedling growth stage,and fruit yield and quality during maturity stage of Provence tomato variety in greenhouse were studied by taking the non-mulching film as CK.【Result】During tomato growth period,soil water content and water use efficiency of each treatment increased significantly,following black film>silver reflective film>transparent film>CK.At the same time,tomato root activity showed the order of silver reflective film>black film>transparent film>CK;Meanwhile,the seedling growth index increased significantly,and the plant height,stem diameter and above-ground dry matter weight of tomato under black film treatment reached the highest,which was 32.97%,33.29 and 25.55%higher than CK,respectively,while silver reflective film treatment had the highest under-ground dry matter weight,increasing by 76%compared with CK.The fruit setting rate of tomato under silver reflective film,black film and transparent film treatment significantly increased by 27.59%,23.53%and 16.35%compared with CK,respectively,and their yield significantly increased by 21.29%,15.86%and 11.83%,respectively.The contents of soluble protein,Vc and soluble sugar of tomato under transparent film,black film and silver reflective film treatment increased significantly,while the nitrate content decreased significantly.The content of soluble protein and Vc of tomato under transparent film treatment was the highest.The soluble sugar content of tomato under silver reflective film treatment was the highest,and the nitrate content of CK was the highest.【Conclusion】Mulching
作者
邢晋
吕学梅
XING Jin;LYU Xuemei(Linyi Meteorological Bureau,Linyi,Shandong 276000,China)
出处
《贵州农业科学》
CAS
2023年第10期100-107,共8页
Guizhou Agricultural Sciences
基金
临沂市气象局气象科学技术研究项目“不同颜色地膜对土壤理化性质及设施番茄生长的影响”(22lyqx10)。
关键词
地膜
设施番茄
生长发育
产量
品质
plastic film
facility tomato
growth and development
yield
quality
