摘要
本研究采用遥感分布式非点源污染评估模型(DPeRS),对滦河流域承德市非点源污染负荷的空间分布特征和污染来源进行遥感像元尺度评估分析,进一步识别非点源污染优控单元,并探讨分析了非点源污染贡献率及影响因子。结果表明:污染量上,2019年滦河流域承德市总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、氨氮(NH_(4)^(+)-N)和化学需氧量(COD_(Cr))非点源污染排放负荷分别为0.12、0.014、0.06 t·km^(-2)和0.05 t·km^(-2),入河量分别为119.6、7.8、70.3 t和49.8 t;污染类型上,滦河流域承德市氮型(TN和NH_(4)^(+)-N)非点源污染的主要来源是农田径流,TP主要是来自农田径流和水土流失,COD_(Cr)主要污染来源是畜禽养殖;空间分布上,滦河流域承德市非点源污染高负荷区主要分布在流域的中部和南部地区,TN和NH_(4)^(+)-N的非点源污染优控单元面积占比均达到65%以上,而TP为整个区域需防控的非点源污染指标。降水量与氮磷非点源污染入河负荷相关性较好,丰水期TN和TP非点源污染对河流中氮磷污染的贡献率分别为33%和50%;控制单元内耕地和林地面积占比与水土流失型氮磷非点源污染排放负荷的决定系数均超过0.5。因此,重点应从源头上防范丰水期非点源污染排放,建议进一步加强水土保持工作,以减少林草天然源水土流失引发的非点源污染排放,同时也应加强农田养分管理以减少养分流失。
In this study,a remote sensing distributed non-point source pollution assessment model was used to evaluate and analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of the non-point source pollution load and pollution sources in Chengde City of the Luanhe River Basin,using a remote sensing pixel scale.Further,the priority control unit of non-point source pollution was identified,and the contribution rate and influencing factors of non-point source pollution were analyzed.The results showed that,in 2019,the non-point source pollution discharge loads of total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorus(TP),ammonia nitrogen(NH_(4)^(+)-N),and chemical oxygen demand(COD_(Cr))were 0.12 t·km^(-2),0.014 t·km^(-2),0.06 t·km^(-2),and 0.05 t·km^(-2),respectively,with the amount of river entry being 119.6 t,7.8 t,70.3 t,and 49.8 t,respectively.Farmland runoff was the most important source of TN and NH_(4)^(+)-N non-point source pollution in Chengde City.TP non-point source pollution mainly came from farmland runoff and soil erosion.For the COD_(Cr) index,livestock was the primary source of non-point source pollution.Non-point source pollution was relatively serious in the central and southern areas of Chengde City.The optimal control unit area accounted for more than 65%of TN and NH_(4)^(+)-N non-point source pollution,and the TP was the non-point source pollution index to be controlled in the whole region.There was good correlation between precipitation and the load of nitrogen and phosphorus non-point source pollution entering the river,and the contribution rates of TN and TP non-point source pollution to nitrogen and phosphorus pollution in the river were 33%and 50%,respectively.The determination coefficients of the proportion of cultivated land and woodland in the control unit and the discharge load of soil-erosion-type non-point source pollution of TN and TP were all greater than 0.5.Therefore,non-point source pollution discharge at the source during the wet season should be prevented.These findings suggest that soil and water conser
作者
冯爱萍
郝新
罗仪宁
王雪蕾
李宣瑾
黄莉
FENG Aiping;HAO Xin;LUO Yining;WANG Xuelei;LI Xuanjin;HUANG Li(Center for Satellite Application on Ecology and Environment,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Beijing 100094,China;Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;Shaanxi Environmental Monitoring Center,Xi’an 710054,China;Foreign Cooperation and Exchange Center,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Beijing 100035,China)
出处
《农业环境科学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第11期2417-2427,共11页
Journal of Agro-Environment Science
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFE0102300)
国家自然科学基金项目(41871346)
全球环境基金水资源与水环境综合管理主流化项目(P145897)。
关键词
非点源污染
DPeRS模型
遥感
滦河流域
承德市
non-point source pollution
DPeRS model
remote sensing
Luanhe River Basin
Chengde City
