摘要
十九届四中全会后,我国的减贫战略向“相对贫困”转移这一事实被国家层面正式认可。相对贫困阶段反贫困的关键,在于脱贫户的脱贫意愿、脱贫能力、脱贫机会问题,因此解决的核心是强化脱贫户的认知、行动与资源。由于扶志主要是扶思想、扶信心,扶智主要是扶思路、扶技能,前者关涉个体心理即可持续发展意愿,后者关涉个体能力即可持续发展行动,二者共同解决的是脱贫户的“可持续发展意愿、可持续发展预期和可持续发展能力”,且这些问题除与个体因素有关之外,还与家庭状况、社区资源、社会支持有关。因此,文章从影响脱贫户心理与行为的微观、中观与宏观因素出发,将相对贫困视域下促进脱贫户志智双扶模式界定为“个体培育、家庭导引、社区协同和社会支持”的“四维一体”的模式,并对构建这一模式的依据、内涵和路径进行系统分析。
After the Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee, the fact that China’s poverty reduction strategy has shifted to “relative poverty” has been officially recognized at the national level. The key to anti-poverty in the relative poverty stage lies in the willingness, ability and opportunities of poverty reduction. Therefore the core of the solution is to strengthen the awareness, actions and resources of the households that have escaped absolute poverty. Because supporting the will is mainly to provide ideas and strengthen confidence, and supporting the wisdom is mainly to help the training of thoughts and skills, the former is about individual psychology, i.e., willingness to sustainable development, while the latter is about individual ability, i.e., action for sustainable development. What the two solve together is the “sustainable development will, sustainable development expectation and sustainable development capability” of the households that have escaped absolute poverty. In addition to individual factors, these issues are also related to family status, community resources, and social support. Therefore, in view of relative poverty, this article defines the model of promoting the will and the wisdom of the households that have escaped absolute poverty as a four-dimensional-integrated model of “individual cultivation, family guidance, community collaboration and social support” from the perspective of micro, meso and macro factors that affect the psychology and behavior of households that have escaped absolute poverty, and systematically analyzes the basis and realization path of this model.
作者
谢治菊
李小勇
李晓飞
XIE Zhiju;LI Xiaoyong;LI Xiaofei(Public Administration School,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou 510006,Guangdong,China;Guangzhou Panyu Polytechnic,Guangzhou 511483,Guangdong,China)
出处
《西南科技大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
2022年第5期26-36,共11页
Journal of Southwest University of Science and Technology:Philosophy and Social Science Edition
基金
国家社科基金后期资助项目“认知科学与贫困治理研究”,项目编号:21FZZB017。
关键词
脱贫攻坚
相对贫困
四维一体
志智双扶
乡村振兴
poverty eradication
relative poverty
four-dimensional-integrated
supporting both the willingness and the wisdom
rural revitalization
