摘要
文章围绕古典政治经济学和新古典环境经济学中的自然资本概念,对当前资本主义对地球生态的掠夺进行了生态马克思主义的批判。首先,古典政治经济学认为自然和劳动是使用价值的真实财富的来源,而资本主义生产下被剥削的劳动力是价值的来源,这种自然资源使用价值与交换价值制度之间的冲突,产生了与掠夺自然相关的资本主义生产的根本生态矛盾。其次,新古典经济学试图将自然的使用价值完全排除在其研究之外,将一切归结为交换价值,并否认自然世界的独特性。再次,资本主义旨在将自然资本化积累和金融化作为解决环境制约因素的一种手段,使其在保护地球的同时维系资本主义的正常运行,并从中获利。最终,人类需要摒弃自然的资本化,承认资本主义的社会特性与特定的历史制度在生态文明建设中的局限性,并进行生态和社会革命,以合理和可持续的方式调节人类与地球的社会新陈代谢,以促进真正的、自由的人类发展,摆脱当前全球危机。
The paper focuses on the concept of natural capital in classical political economics and neoclassical environmental economics,and criticizes from the ecological Marxist perspective capitalism’s current plunder of the earth’ecological resources.First of all,according to classical political economics,the nature and labor are the source of real wealth of use-value,but the exploited labor under capitalist production is the source of value.The conflict between the use-value system and the exchange value system of natural resource has created a fundamental ecological contradiction in capitalist production related to plundering nature.Secondly,neoclassical economics does not include the use-value of nature in the research scope,but attributes everything to exchange value,and denies the uniqueness of the natural world.Thirdly,capitalism aims to break free from environmental restrictions through capitalization of nature and financialization,so that it can maintain the normal operation of capitalism and gain profit while protecting the earth.In the end,the human society should abandon the capitalization of nature,admit that the social characteristics and the specific historical systems of capitalism have limitations in the construction of ecological civilization,carry out ecological and social revolutions,regulate the social metabolism of mankind and the earth in a reasonable and sustainable way,and promote the development of true and free human beings in order to get rid of the current global crisis.
出处
《鄱阳湖学刊》
2022年第5期42-60,125,126,共21页
Journal of Poyang Lake
基金
教育部高校示范马克思主义学院和优秀教学科研团队建设项目“马克思主义关于人与自然关系的思想教学研究”(19JDSZK100)
国家社会科学后期资助一般项目“国外左翼与中国道路对‘历史终结论’的双重批判研究”(20FKSB019)。
