摘要
茼蒿是上海地区设施叶菜主要种类之一。近年来,上海市部分地区的茼蒿上出现了一种叶部病害,叶片出现外缘灰褐色、中央灰白色的圆形病斑,严重影响茼蒿产量与商品质量。本文采用组织分离法进行病原菌的分离纯化,通过柯赫氏法则验证、形态学、生物学特性以及基于核糖体转录间隔区(internal transcribed spacer,ITS)、真核翻译延长因子1α(translation elongation factor,TEF)、钙调蛋白(calmodulin,CAL)基因和肌动蛋白(actin,ACT)基因联合系统发育分析等方法进行了病原菌鉴定,结果表明,茼蒿叶斑病的病原菌为芹菜尾孢Cercospora apii,菌丝生长最适温度为26℃,复合氮源利于菌丝的生长。杀菌剂的离体抑菌活性测定结果表明:己唑醇、苯醚甲环唑、戊唑醇、氟环唑、嘧菌酯的EC分别为0.042 3、0.060 4、0.317 4、0.452 4、0.863 3μg/mL,对该病原菌菌丝生长表现出较强的抑制作用。这些结果为小宗作物病害的防控或杀菌剂登记提供重要依据。
Glebionis coronaria is an important kind of facilitated leaf vegetables in Shanghai.Recently,the leaf disease with gray-brown peripheral and gray-white round spots has appeared on G.coronaria in Shanghai,which has been seriously affecting the yield and quality.In this study,the pathogen was isolated and purified by tissue isolation method,and the pathogenicity was verified by Koch’s rule.The pathogen was also identified by morphology,biological characteristics,and multilocus phylogenetic analysis based on internal transcribed spacer(ITS),translation elongation factor 1α(TEF),calmodulin(CAL) and actin(ACT) sequences.The results showed that the pathogen of G.coronaria leaf spot was Cercospora apii,and the optimum temperature for mycelial growth was 26℃.The compound nitrogen source was beneficial to the growth of mycelium.The in vitro activity of the fungicides showed that hexaconazole,difenoconazole,tebuconazole,epoxiconazole and azoxystrobin had strong inhibitory activity against the pathogen,with the ECvalues of 0.042 3,0.060 4,0.317 4,0.452 4 and 0.863 3 μg/mL,respectively.These conclusions provide important theoretical basis for the control of minority crops diseases or the registration of fungicides.
作者
曾蓉
徐丽慧
高士刚
宋志伟
高萍
戴富明
ZENG Rong;XU Lihui;GAO Shigang;SONG Zhiwei;GAO Ping;DAI Fuming(Eco-Environment Protection Research Institute,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture Technology,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai 201403,China)
出处
《植物保护》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第5期274-279,共6页
Plant Protection
基金
上海市科技兴农推广项目[沪农科推字(2021)第2-2号]
上海市农业科学院卓越计划[2018(B-1)]。
关键词
茼蒿
芹菜尾孢
多基因序列联合分析
杀菌剂
毒力测定
Glebionis coronaria
Cercospora apii
multilocus phylogenetic analysis
fungicide
toxicity test
