摘要
本研究基于统计数据,分析了青海省2000-2018年的农作物种植面积、产量及秸秆资源量的变化规律及结构组成。结果表明:青海省农作物以粮食和经济作物为主,占总播种面积的83%-93%。近年来经济作物占比降低,蔬菜类及饲料作物占比逐渐增加。粮食和油料作物总产量在1.00×10^(9)kg和2.85×10^(8)kg左右,单产分别为3.65×10^(3)kg/hm^(2)和1.80×10^(3)kg/hm^(2)左右,粮食和油料作物总产量增加主要得益于单产的提高。蔬菜类的产量和单产分别在1.50×10^(9)kg和3.44×10^(4)kg/hm^(2)左右,其总产量增加主要得益于播种面积的扩大。青海省农作物秸秆总量在1.36×10^(9)kg-1.85×10^(9)kg范围变化,小麦和油菜秸秆占总量的53%。青海省粮经作物播种面积下降,其单产继续提升的空间有限,蔬菜类单产仍有较大提升空间,小麦和油菜秸秆资源利用潜力最大。
Based on statistical data, this study analyzed the change and structure composition of crop planting area, yield and straw resources in Qinghai province from 2000 to 2018.Results showed that grain and cash in Qinghai province were major crops accounting for 83%-93% of planting area.The proportion of grain and cash has gradually decreased, while the proportion of vegetables, edible fungi and feed crops has gradually increased in recent years.The output of grain and oil crops were about 1.0×10^(9)kg and 2.85×10^(8) kg, as the yield of both maintained around 3.65×10^(3)kg/hmand 1.80×10^(3)kg/hm^(2).The increase of grain and oil output was mainly due to the increase of yield.The output of vegetables and edible fungi was about 1.50×10^(9) kg with yield of 3.44×10^(4)kg/hm^(2),while the output increase was mainly due to expansion of sown area.The total amount of crop straw in Qinghai province varied from 1.36×10^(9) kg to 1.85×10^(9)kg, while wheat and rape were the main straw resources accounting for 53% of the total.The output of grain crops has limited room for further improvement, but the yield of vegetables and edible fungi still had a large room for improvement.wheat and rape straw have the greatest utilization potential.
作者
李正鹏
LI Zheng-peng(Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Qinghai University,Xining Qinghai 810016,China)
出处
《青海农林科技》
2022年第3期52-56,74,共6页
Science and Technology of Qinghai Agriculture and Forestry
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(32160759)。
关键词
播种面积
产量
单产
草谷比
秸秆资源量
Sowing area
Yield
Yield per unit area
Ratio of straw to grain
Straw resources
