摘要
越来越多的人离开经济发达的大都市,选择欠发达地区的旅游地居住、工作或者创业,成为旅游移民。文章主要关注生活方式型移民,迁移的首要目的是为了更加美好的生活质量,甚至拥抱旅游所代表的生活方式,但同时也会从事旅游商业活动。文章以“家”为出发点,探讨高压力快节奏都市生活背景下旅游地生活方式型移民的归属与疏离,研究案例地是云南丽江古城。主要的研究问题如下:旅游移民为什么选择丽江古城为新的落脚点?他们如何在丽江古城体验“在家”情感?在他乡转为故乡的过程中,旅游移民如何协商归属与疏离的关系?研究发现,旅游移民主动远离大都市高压力快节奏的生活方式,选择丽江古城作为新的落脚点,改变之前的时空节奏,体验简单而悠闲的生活,找回“在家”的感觉,旅游地特有的流动性和跨地方性也促使旅游移民形成归属与疏离的复杂意义。文章从两个方面讨论旅游与“家”的关系:第一,旅游是远离惯常生活时间空间轨迹的经历。第二,旅游与家不是对立的两面,而是相互依存的共同体,丽江古城旅游移民所构建的“家”就是这种共同体的现实反映。旅游学者探讨旅游与家的辩证关系,能够深刻揭示现代性的矛盾属性,为流动现代性的研究做出批判性的贡献。
Since the economic reform in 1978,more and more people chose to leave their hometown to become migrants in China.The typical spatial features include a movement from rural countryside to cities,from poor areas to rich areas,and from western hinterland to coastal provinces.Due to China’s continuing economic growth,some people chose to engage in reversed migration by moving from rich metropolitans to tourist destinations in western provinces for residence,business,or employment.This paper mainly focuses on a group of lifestyle migrants,who move from China’s big bustling cities to Yunnan’s Lijiang old town,a World Heritage Site well-known for Naxi ethnic culture and slow lifestyles.These migrants prioritize a better lifestyle as their primary motivation to pursue individualistic meanings,and usually operate tourism businesses.This paper uses home as a starting point to explore the mixed feelings of belonging and alienation by these lifestyle migrants in the context of speedy modernity in contemporary China.Three research questions are asked:why do tourism migrants choose Lijiang Old Town as their destination?How do they experience a sense of being at home in Lijiang?How do they negotiate the relationship between belonging and alienation in the process of remaking home?To answer these questions,this paper constructs an analytic framework on the basis of Fei Xiaotong’s classic work on soil China.This framework highlights the spatiality,temporality,and sociality of home.It is found that tourism migrants actively choose to escape from the bustle and hustle of metropolitans to assume a new lifestyle characterized by closeness to natural environment,slowdown,and community ties.This new lifestyle can help them to restore a sense of being at home in Lijiang.The paper goes further to unravel the entanglement of belonging and alienation in the process of homemaking by these migrants.Spatially,they develop attachment to Lijiang old town,but cannot feel fully embedded either because of a nostalgia for their old hometown
作者
苏晓波
SU Xiaobo(Department of Geography,Universiy of Oregon,Eugene OR 97403,USA)
出处
《旅游学刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第9期14-26,共13页
Tourism Tribune
基金
国家自然科学基金项目“面向缅甸劳工的边境安全与理论创新”(41829101)资助。
关键词
生活方式
旅游移民
归属
疏离
家
lifestyle
tourism migration
belonging
alienation
home
