摘要
刑法和民法之间存在前置法与后置法之间的关系,在某些法律制度之间则还具有一定的衔接关系,正当防卫制度就是其中典型的例子。不仅在刑法中存在正当防卫,而且在民法中也存在正当防卫。这两种正当防卫制度无论是在构成条件上还是在法律后果上都存在一定的区分,同时又具有衔接关系。刑法中的正当防卫是对正在进行的不法侵害所做的反击,具有保障防卫人的人身和财产权利的性质。由于刑法中的正当防卫是一种不负刑事责任的违法阻却事由,因而在犯罪论体系中对它予以讨论。民法中的正当防卫是对民事不法行为所进行的反击,具有保护防卫人的民事权利的性质,是一种免除民事责任的事由。刑法中的正当防卫和民法中的正当防卫的上述性质区分决定了两者在成立条件上的差异,对此应当严格加以把握。
Criminal law and civil law have the relationship between pre-law and post-law,and there is a certain connection between some legal systems,the system of justifiable defense is a typical example.Justifiable defense exists not only in criminal law,but also in civil law.These two kinds of self-defense systems are different in terms of constitution and legal consequences.At the same time,they are connected.The justifiable defense in criminal law is the counterattack to the ongoing illegal infringement,and has the nature of protecting the personal and property rights of the defender.Due to the justifiable defense in criminal law is a kind of non-criminal responsibility,so it is discussed in the criminal theory system.The justifiable defense in civil law is the counterattack to the civil illegal act,which has the nature of protecting the civil rights of the defender and is a cause of exemption from civil liability.The distinction between the justifiable defense in criminal law and the just defense in civil law determines the differences in the conditions of their establishment,which should be strictly grasped.
出处
《交大法学》
CSSCI
2022年第5期5-15,共11页
SJTU Law Review
关键词
刑法中的正当防卫
民法中的正当防卫
比较研究
Justifiable Defense in Criminal Law
Justifiable Defense in Civil Law
Comparative Study
