摘要
前列腺癌是世界范围内男性第二常见的癌症,虽然目前可通过前列腺特异性抗原筛查来诊断大多数前列腺癌,但其检测的特异性不足,而假阳性会导致不必要的活检,增加患者的痛苦与治疗费用。外泌体参与肿瘤的发生、发展、转移,外泌体中的信使RNA、微小RNA、非编码RNA、蛋白质、脂质等可以作为前列腺癌肿瘤标志物,通过检测尿液、血液等体液中的外泌体相关肿瘤标志物,能提高疾病的早期诊断。文章就外泌体的作用机制及其与前列腺癌诊断、治疗及预后的关系进行综述,以期为进一步寻找外泌体内容物中更多特异性高的肿瘤生物标志物提供参考。
Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men worldwide.Although most prostate cancers can be diagnosed by prostate-specific antigen screening currently,the specificity is inadequate.False positive results can lead to unnecessary biopsies,increasing patient pain and treatment costs.Exosomes are involved in the occurrence,development and metastasis of tumors,and mRNAs,miRNAs,non-coding RNAs,proteins and lipids in exosomes can be used as tumor markers.Determination of exosome-related tumor markers in urine,blood and other body fluids can improve the early diagnosis of prostate cancer.This article reviews the mechanism of exosomes and their relationships to the diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of prostate cancer,so as to provide reference for further searching for more tumor biomarkers with high specificity in exosome contents.
作者
李哲源
王志刚
王红梅
闵卫平
LI Zhe-yuan;WANG Zhi-gang;WANG Hong-mei;MIN Wei-ping(Department of Pathophysiology,School of Basic Medical Sciences,Nanchang University;Department of Immunology,School of Basic Medical Sciences,Nanchang University;Cancer Institute of Jiangxi Academy of Medical Science,Nanchang 330006,China)
出处
《南昌大学学报（医学版）》
2022年第4期84-89,94,共7页
Journal of Nanchang University：Medical Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金(82060526)
地区科学基金项目(81860540)。
关键词
前列腺癌
外泌体
肿瘤标志物
诊断
prostate cancer
exosome
tumor biomarkers
diagnosis
