摘要
为探究川西北高原全株玉米与大豆最佳混贮比例,将全株玉米和大豆按鲜重比10∶0(R0,玉米单贮)、9∶1(R1)、8∶2(R2)、7∶3(R3)、0∶10(R4,大豆单贮)进行青贮,在室外温度条件下发酵60d,测定其营养成分、发酵品质及微生物数量。结果表明,玉-豆混贮处理pH值均低于4.2,乳酸含量显著高于大豆单贮,氨态氮/总氮显著低于大豆单贮(P<0.05),发酵品质良好;玉-豆混贮处理粗蛋白含量优于玉米单贮(P<0.05),可溶性碳水化合物含量高于大豆单贮(P<0.05),其中R3处理干物质(24.42%FM)和粗蛋白(10.51%DM)含量均显著高于R1、R2处理(P<0.05)。所有处理青贮前后均未检测出霉菌,乳酸菌在青贮发酵60d后占主导地位。综上,川西北高原玉米-大豆3个比例的混合青贮均能获得较好的发酵品质,但从营养成分角度综合考虑,推荐玉米与大豆按7∶3鲜重比混合青贮。
To explore the best mixed silage ratio of whole plant corn(Zea mays)and soybean(Glycine max)in northwest Sichuan Plateau,whole plant corn and soybean with different fresh weight ratios were ensiled according to 10∶0(R0,corn mono-silage),9∶1(R1),8∶2(R2),7∶3(R3)and 0∶10(R4,soybean mono-silage).After 60 days of fermentation at outdoor temperature,the chemical composition,fermentation quality and microbial counts were determined.The results showed that the pH value of corn and soybean mixed silage was lower than 4.2,and the lactic acid contents was significantly higher than that of soybean mono-silage(R4),The ratios of ammonia nitrogen to total nitrogen was significantly lower than that of R4(P<0.05),and the fermentation quality was good,the crude protein(CP)content of mixed silage was higher than that of corn mono-silage(R0),and the water-soluble carbohydrate content of mixed silage was higher than that of R4(P<0.05).The dry matter(24.42%FM)and CP(10.51%DM)contents of R3 were significantly higher than those of R1 and R2(P<0.05).No mold was detected in all treatments before and after ensiling,and lactic acid bacteria were dominant after 60 days of ensiling.Overall,the three ratios of corn-soybean mixed silage in northwest Sichuan Plateau can obtain better fermentation quality.However,from the perspective of nutrients,it is a more appropriate proportion for corn and soybean mixed silage at the fresh weight ratio of 7∶3.
作者
文兴金
杨继芝
肖启银
耿嘉良
辛亚芬
李嘉怡
闫艳红
WEN Xing-jin;YANG Ji-zhi;XIAO Qi-yin;GENG Jia-liang;XIN Ya-fen;LI Jia-yi;YAN Yan-hong(College of Grassland Science and Technology,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China;College of Agronomy,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130 China;Agricultural Science Research Institute of Ganzi District,Kangding 626099,China)
出处
《中国草地学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第8期115-120,共6页
Chinese Journal of Grassland
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(32001401)
四川省科技厅项目(2021YFN0059,2021YFH0155)。
关键词
全株玉米
全株大豆
混合青贮
营养成分
发酵品质
Whole plant corn
Whole plant soybean
Mixed silage
Chemical composition
Fermentation quality
