摘要
试验旨在探究西藏林芝地区全株玉米和三叶草混合青贮对微生物菌群多样性的影响。试验以乳熟期全株玉米和三叶草为试验材料,共设6个处理组。A组、B组、C组为正常混合组,全株玉米和三叶草分别按照1∶2、1∶1、2∶1混匀;D组、E组、F组为青贮组,全株玉米和三叶草分别按照1∶2、1∶1、2∶1混匀青贮发酵60 d,每个处理5个重复。结果显示,全株玉米与三叶草混合青贮能够提高饲料粗灰分、粗脂肪含量,降低粗纤维及pH值,减少营养物质损失;E组青贮饲料的pH值及氨态氮(NH_(3)-N)含量在3个青贮组中较低。利用高通量测序技术,共检测到门水平和属水平排列前十、丰度大于1%的菌种有6种菌门和10种菌属,优势菌门为厚壁菌门、变形菌门、蓝藻菌门,优势菌属依次为乳杆菌属、叶绿体属、明串珠菌属。E组厚壁菌门和乳杆菌属相对丰度高于其他组,表明E组对粗纤维降解率更高、产生乳酸能力更强。研究表明,考虑三叶草利用效率最大化和青贮饲料发酵品质,建议将全株玉米和三叶草以1∶1的比例混合青贮较为适宜。
The experiment was to explore the effects of whole corn and clover mixed silage on microbial diversity in Nyingchi region of Xizang Province.In the experiment,whole corn and clover were used as experimental materials.A total of six treatment groups were set up.Group A,group B and group C were normal mixed group,whole corn and clover were mixed according to 1∶2,1∶1 and 2∶1,respectively,group D,group E and group F were silage group,whole corn and clover were mixed and fermented according to 1∶2,1∶1 and 2∶1,respectively,for 60 d,with five replicates in each treatment and a total of 30 samples.The results showed that whole corn and clover mixed silage could increase the content of crude ash and crude fat,reduce the crude fiber and pH value of feed,and reduce the loss of feed nutrients.The pH value and NH_(3)-N content of silage in group E were lower in three groups.By using high-throughput sequencing technology,the top ten bacteria at phylum and genus level with abundance greater than 1% were detected,including six phyla and ten genera.The dominant phyla were Firmicutes,Proteobacteria and Cyanobacteria.The relative abundance of Firmicutes and Lactobacillus in group E was higher than that in other groups,indicating that group E had higher degradation rate of crude fiber and stronger ability to produce lactic acid.The study indicates that considering the maximization of utilization efficiency of clover and fermentation quality of silage,it is suggested to mix silage with whole corn and clover at a ratio of 1∶1.
作者
刘乐乐
商振达
王纤纤
陈鑫艳
格桑卓玛
吕志
刘锁珠
谭占坤
LIU Le-le;SHANG Zhen-da;WANG Xian-xian;CHEN Xin-yan;GESANG Zhuo-ma;Lü Zhi;LIU Suo-zhu;TAN Zhan-kun
出处
《饲料研究》
CAS
北大核心
2023年第3期116-120,共5页
Feed Research
基金
西藏自治区区域科技协同创新专项(项目编号:QYXTZX-NQ2021-01)
西藏自治区科技成果转移转化项目(项目编号:XZ202101YD0019C)
2022中央支持地方高校改革发展专项资金项目(项目编号:KY2022ZY-01)。
