摘要
以富士苹果品种为试材,研究了无袋与套袋栽培对苹果病虫害和果实品质的影响。结果表明,烟富3/M26/八棱海棠和天红2号/SH40/八棱海棠叶片病害主要是斑点落叶病和褐斑病,无袋栽培比例高于套袋,套袋烟富3/M26/八棱海棠比例分别为13.8%和6.5%,不套袋分别为14.5%和7.5%;天红2号/SH40/八棱海棠套袋比例分别为14.0%和8.0%,不套袋比例分别为5.3%和9.7%。果实病虫害,烟富3/M26/八棱海棠主要是蝽蟓、果锈、干腐病和轮纹病,套袋比例分别为0.85%、0.45%、0.40%和0.33%,不套袋比例分别为1.32%、0.86%、0.68%和1.02%,无袋比套袋分别高0.47、0.41、0.28和0.69百分点。天红2号/SH40/八棱海棠果实病虫害主要为炭疽、鸟啄、桃小食心虫、蝽蟓、轮纹病和果锈,套袋比例分别为1.28%、0.35%、0.28%、0.25%、0.25%和0.23%,不套袋比例分别为1.70%、0.50%、0.25%、0.40%、0.48%和0.20%;炭疽、鸟啄、蝽蟓和轮纹病不套袋比套袋分别高0.42、0.15、0.15和0.23百分点,而桃小食心虫和果锈比例无袋比套袋均低0.03百分点。套袋苹果着色指数和光洁度指数明显高于不套袋,而单果重和硬度不套袋明显高于套袋,果形指数、可溶性糖和可溶性固形物含量差异不显著,可滴定酸含量套袋高于不套袋,糖酸比不套袋高于套袋。
Fuji apple varieties were used to study the effects of baggless and bagging cultivation on apple diseases,pests and fruit quality.The results showed that the leaves of Yanfu 3/M26/M.robust and Tianhong 2/SH40/M.robust were mainly leaf diseases,leaf spot defoliation and brown spot,and the proportion of baggless cultivation was higher than that of bagging.The ratio of bagged Yanfu 3/M26/M.robust was 13.8%and 6.5%respectively,and that of nobagging was 14.5%and 7.5%respectively;the bagging ratio of Tianhong 2/SH40/M.robust was 14.0%and 8.0%,and the nobagging ratio was 15.3 and 9.7%,respectively.Fruit diseases and pests,Yanfu 3/M26/M.robust were mainly stink bug,fruit rust,dry rot and ring rot,the bagging proportion was 0.85%,0.45%,0.40%and 0.33%respectively,the nobagging proportion was 1.32%,0.86%,0.68%and 1.02%respectively,and the non bagging proportion was 0.47,0.41,0.28 and 0.69 percentage points higher than bagging respectively.The fruit diseases and insect pests of variety Tianhong 2/SH40/M.robust were mainly anthrax,bird peck,peach fruit borer,stink bug,ring rot and fruit rust,with bagging proportions of 1.28%,0.35%,0.28%,0.25%,0.25%and 0.23%respectively,and the proportions of nobagging were 1.70%,0.50%,0.25%,0.40%,0.48%and 0.20%respectively;Anthrax,bird peck,stink bug and ring rot without bagging were 0.42,0.15,0.15 and 0.23 percentage points higher than bagging,respectively,while the proportions of peach fruit borer and fruit rust were 0.03 percentage points lower than bagging,respectively.The coloring index and finish index of bagged apple were significantly higher than those without bagging,while the weight and hardness of single fruit without bagging were significantly higher than those without bagging.The difference of fruit shape index,soluble sugar and soluble solid content was not significant.The titratable acid content of bagged apple was higher than that without bagging,and the sugar acid ratio of bagged apple was higher than that without bagging.
作者
王贵平
薛晓敏
赵红强
翟浩
王金政
WANG Gui-ping;XUE Xiao-min;ZHAO Hong-qiang(Shandong Institute of Pomology,Taian,Shandong 271000;The People’s Government of Yinma Town,Juancheng County,Shandong Province,Juancheng,Shandong 274608)
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
2022年第15期36-38,共3页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
基金
山东省果树研究所科研创新基金项目(GSS2022ZD03)
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项“国家苹果产业技术体系”(CARS-27)。
关键词
富士
无袋
套袋
病虫害
果实品质
Fuji
Nobagging
Bagging
Diseases and insect pests
Quality
