摘要
秦汉时代,大禹传说是巩固及拓展中国认同的重要文化元素。以大禹治水为内容的《禹贡》将天下构拟为“九州”,对汉王朝的区域控制策略有所启发,也为中国代表权的更替提供了合法性。秦统一前后,“禹须臾”等托名大禹的择日术为秦、楚两地共享,使文化融合有所依托,至西汉前期,秦系日书在故楚渐占优势,反映了民俗领域的区域融合。大禹传说亦盛行于秦汉帝国的边缘地带,吴越民众传言的“禹葬会稽”,秦始皇“上会稽,祭大禹”,都具有文化统一的意义。三苗居于洞庭、彭蠡之间,禹征三苗之说反映出长江中游正在融入中原文化圈。禹生于西羌说以秦人与羌戎的长期共存为背景,汉代蜀地民众将东方流行的“禹生于石”演变为禹“生于石纽”,最终在帝国西南地区确立了中国认同。
In Qin and Han Dynasties,the legend of Yu was an important cultural element to consolidate and expand Chinese identity.The classic Yu Gong recording the story that Yu eliminated the flood,called the world Jiuzhou,which inspired the regional control strategy of the Han dynasty and provided legitimacy for the replacement of Chinese representative power.Around the unification of the Qin dynasty,day-choosing arts under the name of Yu such as“Yuxuyu”were shared by Qin and Chu,which provided a platform for the cultural fusion.In early Western Han dynasty,the day-choosing art from Qin gradually prevailed,which reflected regional integration in the field of custom.There were also some legends of Yu in the edge of the Qin and Han empires.People in Wuyue alleged that Yu was buried in Kuaiji,thus,QinShihuang mounted Kuaiji and offered sacrifices to Yu,which had the significance of cultural unification.The minority of Miao lived around Dongting and Pengli,and the legend that Yu conquered Miao implied that the middle Yangtze basin were being integrated into the cultural circle of the Central Plains.The legend that Yu was born in Qiang was based on the long-term coexistence of the Qin and Qiang.In the Han dynasty,people in Shu changed the statement that Yu was born in a stone into another statement that Yu was born in Shiniu,which finally established Chinese identity in the southwest area of the empire.
出处
《中原文化研究》
2022年第4期16-23,共8页
The Central Plains Culture Research
关键词
秦汉
中国认同
大禹
会稽
羌
Qin and Han Dynasties
Chinese identity
Yu
Kuaiji
Qiang
